φῐλοσοφ-ία, ἡ,
love of knowledge, pursuit there of, speculation, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 12.209, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 61a, “Grg.” 484c, +others; ἡ φ. κτῆσις ἐπιστήμης [prev. author] “Euthd.” 288d ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; defined as ἄσκησις ἐπιτηδείου τέχνης, Stoic. in [[ “Placita Philosophorum” 1 “Prooem.” 2. ] Refs]
__2 systematic, methodical treatment of a subject, ἐμπειρίᾳ μέτιθι καὶ φιλοσοφίᾳ [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 2.35 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ περὶ τὰς ἔριδας φ. scientific treatment of argumentation, [[ [prev. author] 10.6 ] Refs]; ἡ περὶ τοὺς λόγους φ. the study of oratory, [[ [prev. author] 4.10: _plural_, οἱ ἐν ταῖς φ. πολὺν χρόνον διατρίψαντες 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 172c; τέχναι καὶ φ. 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 10.67. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__3 philosophy, [[ [prev. author] 11.22, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Definitiones” 414b, etc.; ἱστορία φ. ἐστὶν ἐκ παραδειγμάτων 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “Ars Rhetorica” 11.2:— 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator usually prefixes the _Article_, 2.51, 5.84, 7.45 (but compare 2.35 above)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; sometimes also in [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus and 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus, as 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 482a, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 993b20, “EN” 1177a25 ] Refs 5th c.BC+], and so later, διὰ τῆς φ. καὶ κενῆς ἀπάτης [[ NT.Col.2.8 ] NT]; but more frequently without Article, τοῖς ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ ζῶσιν [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 68c, +others, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1341b28, +others (compare Πλάτων καὶ φ. 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.176d)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; except when an adjective or some qualifying word is added to ἡ θεία φ. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 239b; ἐκείνου τῇ φ. [prev. author] “Ly.” 213d; ἡ περὶ τὰ ἀνθρώπεια φ. 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1181b15; ἡ τῶν Ἰταλικῶν φ. [prev. author] “Metaphorical” 987a31 (and _plural_, αἱ εἰρημέναι φ. [prev. work] 29)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; so later ἡ Ἰωνικὴ φ. [[ 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 1.122; ἡ δογματική, Ἀκαδημαϊκή, σκεπτικὴ φ. 2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “Πυρρώνειοι ὑποτυπώσεις” 1.4, etc.; ὁ Ἐμπεδοκλῆς ἐν ἀρχῇ τῆς φ. 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.607c, etc.; especially ἡ πρώτη φ. ] Refs 1st c.AD+]metaphysic, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 1026a24, compare 18. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]