φῐλόσοφος, ὁ,
lover of wisdom; Pythagoras called himself φιλόσοφος, not σοφός, Cic [[ “Tusc.” 5.3.9, 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius “Prooem.” 12; τὸν φ. σοφίας φήσομεν ἐπιθυμητὴν εἶναι πάσης 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 475b, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 15.271; ὁ ὡς ἀληθῶς φ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 64e ] Refs 5th c.BC+] {φιλοσπῆλυγξ}; φ. φύσει, τὴν φύσιν, [[ [prev. author] “R.” 376c ] Refs]; φ. τῇ ψυχῇ, opposed to φιλόπονος τῷ σώματι, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 1.40 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: used of all men of education and learning, joined with φιλομαθής and φιλόλογος, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 376c, 582e ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to σοφιστής, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 13.6, 9 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; later, academician, of the members of the Museum at Alexandria, [[ “OGI” 712 (2nd c.AD), etc. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__2 philosopher, i. e. one who speculates on truth and reality, οἱ ἀληθινοὶ φ., defined as οἱ τῆς ἀληθείας φιλοθεάμονες, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 475e ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ φιλόσοφος, of Aristotle, [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.115b] Refs 1st c.AD+]; ὁ σκηνικὸς φ., of Euripides, [[ 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 13.561a ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; as the butt of Comedy texts, [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 71.1, 3rd c.BC: Bato Comicus 5.11, 4th c.BC: Anaxippus Comicus 4, 3rd c.BC: Phoenicides Comicus 4.16. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II as adjective, loving knowledge, philosophic, ἄνδρες [[ 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 35; ἀνήρ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 64d; τὸ φ. γένος [prev. author] “R.” 501e; φ. φύσις [prev. work] 494a; ψυχή [prev. work] 486b ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; διάνοια[[ [prev. work] 527b; πειθώ 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Rh.” 1.269 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus; σύνεσις [prev. work]p.211S. (_comparative_); οἱ φιλοσοφώτατοι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 498a, compare “IG” 5(1).598 (from Sparta). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]