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ὥστε,
as adverb, bearing the same relation to ὡς as ὅστε to ὅς, and used by [[8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] more frequently than ὡς in similes, when it is commonly written divisim, and is relative to a demonstrative ὥς: sometimes with present Indic., [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.459f, 12.421, 13.703 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: sometimes with aorist, ὥς τε λέων ἐχάρη [[ 3.23: sometimes with ] Refs]subjunctive present or aorist, [[ 2.474f, 11.67, 16.428, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.302 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: all three usages combined in one simile, with varied construction, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.136 - 9 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]:—the verb is sometimes omitted, λάμφ᾽ ὥς τε στεροπή [[ 10.154: this usage of ὥστε] Refs] is chiefly Epic dialect [[(5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus uses ὧτε, which see)] Refs 5th c.BC+], but it occurs in [[ 7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus (?) 27 (probably), 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 12.124 and sometimes in Trag., κατώρυχες δ᾽ ἔναιον ὥστ᾽ ἀήσυροι μύρμηκες 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 452, compare “Th.” 62, “Pers.” 424, “Ch.” 421 (Lyric poetry), 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 343, “Ant.” 1033, “Tr.” 112 (Lyric poetry). ] Refs 7th c.BC+]
__II to mark the power or virtue by which one does a thing, as being, inasmuch as, like{ἅτε}, τὸν δ᾽ ἐξήρπαξ᾽ Ἀφροδίτη ῥεῖα μάλ᾽, ὥ. θεός [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.381, compare 18.518 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὥ. περὶ ψυχῆς since it was for life, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.423; ὥ. ταῦτα νομίζων 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.8, compare 5.83, 101, 6.94. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__B as conjunction to express the actual or intended result of the action in the principal clause:
Close Browse lexicon entries __B.I mostly with infinitive, so as or for to do a thing, twice in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, εἰ δέ σοι θυμὸς ἐπέσσυται, ὥ. νέεσθαι] Refs 8th c.BC+] if thy heart is eager to return, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.42 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; οὐ τηλίκος.., ὥ. σημάντορι πάντα πιθέσθαι not of such age as to obey a master in all things, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.21; ῥηϊδίως κεν ἐργάσσαιο, ὥ. σε κεἰς ἐνιαυτὸν ἔχειν 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 44 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὥ. ἀποπλησθῆναι (ἀποπλῆσαι codices) τὸν χρησμόν [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.96: frequently in 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus, “O.” 9.74, “N.” 5.1, 35, +others] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also in Trag. and Attic dialect after demonstratives, οὔπω τοσοῦτον ἠπατημένος κυρῶ ὥστ᾽ ἄλλα χρῄζειν [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 595, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; this construction is found in cases where (as in [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.42 above quoted) ὥστε] Refs 8th c.BC+] seems superfluous; so after ἐθέλειν, Κύπρις.. ἤθελ᾽ ὥ. γίγνεσθαι τόδε [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 1327 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; after ἔστι, for ἔξεστι, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 656 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; after ψηφίζεσθαι, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.17 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; after ἐπαίρειν, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 581; ἐπαγγελλόμενοι ὥ. βοηθεῖν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.86 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; after words implying request, δεηθέντες.. ὥ. ψηφίσασθαι [[ [prev. author] 1.119; πεῖσαι ὥ. συγχωρῆσαι [prev. author] 8.45. ] Refs]
__B.I.2 after Comparatives with ἤ, when the possibility of the consequence is denied compare (ὡς [[ 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 111.2), μέζω κακὰ ἢ ὥστε ἀνακλαίειν] Refs 5th c.BC+] woes too great for tears, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.14; μεῖζον ἢ ὥστε φέρειν δύνασθαι κακόν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.5.17: but in Poetry ὥστε] Refs 5th c.BC+] is sometimes left out, νόσημα μεῖζον ἢ φέρειν [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1293; κρείσσον᾽ ἢ φέρειν κακά 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 1107 (rarely in Prose, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 149c)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; similarly with the Posit., ψυχρὸν ὥ. λούσασθαι too cold to bathe in, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.13.3 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡμεῖς ἔτι νέοι ὥ. διελέσθαι too young to.., [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 314b; γέρων ἐκεῖνος ὥ. δ᾽ ὠφελεῖν παρών 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 80: this ὥστε is sometimes omitted after words implying comparison, ὀλίγους εἶναι στρατιῇ τῇ Μήδων συμβαλέειν] Refs 5th c.BC+] too few.. [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.109; ταπεινὴ ἡ διάνοια ἐγκαρτερεῖν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.61, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.I.3 ὥστε.. ἄν is used with infinitive, of contingencies more or less improbable, οὕτως ἐκάετο ὥστε μήτε.. ἄλλο τι ἢ γυμνοὶ ἀνέχεσθαι, ἥδιστά τε ἂν ἐς ὕσωρ ψυχρὸν σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ῥίπτειν [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.49, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 374, “El.” 1316, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 8.35. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.I.4 sometimes implying on condition that.., like{ἐφ᾽ ᾧτε}, παραδοῦναι σφᾶς αὐτοὺς Ἀθηναίοις, ὥστε βουλεῦσαι ὅ τι ἂν ἐκείνοις δοκῇ [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.37, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.6.26. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.II with Indic., to express the actual or possible result with emphasis, οὐκ οὕτω φρενοβλαβὴς ὁ Πρίαμος οὐδὲ οἱ ἄλλοι.., ὥ. κινδυνεύειν ἐβούλοντο [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.120 (perhaps delendum ἐβούλοντο)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀσθενέες οὕτω, ὥ... διατετρανέεις [[ [prev. author] 3.12 ] Refs]; οὕτως ἀγνωμόνως ἔχετε, ὥ. ἐλπίζετε..; are you so foolish that you expect.. ? [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 2.26, βέβηκεν, ὥ. πᾶν ἐν ἡσύχῳ ἔξεστι φωνεῖν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 82, compare “OT” 533: frequently in 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus, “Mem.” 2.2.3, +others] Refs 5th c.BC+]; with ἄν and the imperfect or aorist implying a supposed case, ὥστ᾽, εἰ φρονῶν ἔπρασσον, οὐδ᾽ ἂν ὧδ᾽ ἐγιγνόμην κακός [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 271 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὥστε οὐκ ἂν ἔλαθεν αὐτόθεν ὁρμώμενος [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.6: ὥστε τὴν πόλιν ἂν ἡγήσω πολέμου ἐργαστήριον εἶναι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Agesilaus” 1.26. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.II.2 at the beginning of a sentence, to mark a strong conclusion, and so, therefore, ὥστ᾽.. ὄλωλα καί σε προσδιαφθερῶ [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 75; ὥστ᾽ οὐχ ὕπνῳ γ᾽ εὕδοντά μ᾽ ἐξεγείρετε [prev. author] “OT” 65; ὥ. καὶ ταῦτα λεχθήσεται 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 1004a22: with _imperative_, θνητὸς δ᾽ Ὀρέστης, ὥ. μὴ λίαν στένε 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1172; ὥ. θάρρει 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.3.18, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 311a; ὥ. ἂν βούλησθε χειροτονήσατε 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 9.70 codex A (-ήσετε cett.)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; before a question, ὥ. τίς ἂν ἀπετόλμησε..; [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 7.28. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.II.3 with optative, with ἄν, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.16; βρέφος γὰρ ἦν τότ᾽.., ὥστ᾽ οὐκ ἂν αὐτὸν γνωρίσαιμ᾽ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 379, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 857, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 943 (Lyric poetry). b. with _optative_ in indirect speech, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 3.5.23 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; after optative in principal clause, [[ [prev. author] “Oec.” 1.13. ] Refs]
__B.II.4 with subjunctive, in order that, in Thessalian dialect, τὸς ταμίας φροντίσαι οὕστε.. γενειθεῖ τᾶ πόλι ἁ δόσις [[ “BCH” 59.38 (from Crannon); ἀντιλλαβέσθαι τᾶς πόλλιος (sic) οὕστε.. ἐς πάντουν ἐγλυθεῖ τοῦν δανείουν [prev. work]p.37. ] Refs]
__B.III with participle, instead of infinitive, after a participle in the principal clause, τοσοῦτον ἁπάντων διενεγκόντες, ὥσθ᾽ ὑπὲρ Ἀργείων δυστυχησάντων Θηβαίοις.. ἐπιτάττοντες κτλ. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.64 (assuming variant)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὕτω σφόδρα μισοῦντα τοῦτον, ὥστε πολὺ δὴ (ἂν Dobree) θᾶττον διαθέμενον κτλ. [[ 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 9.16; ὥστε.. δέον 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 3.1. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__B.IV πόλεμος σκληρὸς ὥστε λίαν extremely, [[ LXX.2Ki.2.17. ] LXX]
__B.V in later Greek, followed by Preps., Παρμένοντι κλειδὸς ὥ. ἐπὶ τὸ Διοσκούριον [[ “Inscription Délos” 316.83 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ξύλον ὥ. ἐπὶ τὴν ἅμαξαν [[ “IG” 11(2) 287 A 52 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; μόλυβδος ὥ. εἰς τὸ Κύνθιον [[[prev. work]203 A 52 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; κριθῶν ὥ. εἰς τὰ κτήνη barley for the animals, [[ “PCair.Zen.” 251.5 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ὥ. εἰς ξένια φοίνικας [[ “PHal.” 1.7.4 (3rd c.BC). ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
__B.V.b with dative, for, χρεία αὐτοῦ ἐστὶν ὥ. Πισικλεῖ it is needed for P., [[ “PCair.Zen.” 241 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ὥ. τοῖς χησίν [[ “IG” 11(2).287 A 45 (3rd c.BC). ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
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STEPBible TFLSJ (Translators Formatted full LSJ Bible lexicon), CC BY 4.0, Tyndale House. Greek lexical entries from the full Liddell-Scott-Jones lexicon, formatted by Tyndale House Cambridge for biblical study.
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