ἄρθρον, τό,
(ἀραρίσκω) joint, [[ 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 17.22, etc.; ἄρθρων πόνοι 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἀφορισμοί” 3.31, +others; ἅπαν κατ᾽ ἄρθρον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 769] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κρᾶτα καὶ ἄρθρα the head and joints of the neck, [[ [prev. author] “Ph.” 1208 (Lyric poetry, codices)] Refs]; especially the socket of the ankle-joint, ὁ ἀστράγαλος ἐξεχώρησε ἐκ τῶν ἄ.[[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.129; in 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Art.” I, +others] Refs 5th c.BC+], ball of a joint, opposed to socket (κοτύλη),[[compare 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 18(2).487] Refs 2nd c.AD+] (but socket in [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ τόπων τῶν κατὰ ἄνθρωπον” 6); μάρψας ποδός νιν ἄρθρον ᾗ λυγίζεται 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 779, compare “Ph.” 1202 (Lyric poetry). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__2 generally, of limbs, etc., especially in plural, ἄ. ποδοῖν the ankles, [[ [prev. author] “OT” 718, compare 1032 ] Refs]; of the legs, βραδύπουν ἤλυσιν ἄρθρων προτιθεῖσα[[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 67 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἄ. τῶν κύκλων eyes, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1270] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἄ. στόματος the mouth, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Cyclops” 625; θέναρ διῃρημένον ἄρθροις ] Refs 5th c.BC+]lines, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 493b33] Refs 4th c.BC+]; τὰ ἄ. alone, genitals, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.87, 4.2, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 504b23, +others; τὰ ἐντὸς ἄ.] Refs 5th c.BC+] the internal organs, Mnesith. cited in [[ 4th c.AD: Oribasius Medicus 8.38.7: _metaphorically_, ἄ. τᾶν φρενῶν 5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 250: in _sing._, ἄρθρον τῆς φωνῆς] Refs 5th c.BC+] vocal articulation, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 536a3. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]