Skip to main contentβαίνω — STEP Liddell–Scott–Jones | Berean InstitutesSTEP Liddell–Scott–Jones: βαίνω
βαίνω
(infinitive βαίμεναι [[ 5th c.AD(?): Hesychius Legal icographus)] Refs 5th c.AD+], future βήσομαι [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.339, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+], Doric dialect βᾱσεῦμαι [[ 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 2.8, etc.] Refs 3rd c.BC+]: perfect βέβηκα [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.90, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+], Doric dialect βέβᾱκα [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 4(3).41, etc., with shortened forms βεβάᾱσι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.134 ] Refs 8th c.BC+], contraction βεβᾶσι [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 1002 (Lyric poetry), “Eu.” 76, etc.] Refs 4th c.BC+]; subjunctive βεβῶσι (ἐμ-) [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 252e ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; infinitive βεβάμεν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.359, βεβάναι 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 610 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 8th c.BC+]; participle βεβαώς, -αυῖα [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.477, 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus “Epigrammata” 15.10, _contraction_ βεβώς] Refs 8th c.BC+]: pluperfect ἐβεβήκειν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.296, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+], Epic dialect βεβήκειν [[ 6.495 ] Refs]; syncopated. 3rd.pers. plural βέβᾰσαν [[ 17.286, etc.] Refs]: aorist 2 ἔβην [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.112, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+], Doric dialect ἔβᾱν [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 13.97, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Epic dialect 3rd.pers. singular βῆ [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.297, _Epic dialect_ _3rd.pers._ _dual_ βάτην [ᾰ] 1.327 ] Refs 8th c.BC+], 3rd.pers. plural ἔβαν [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 18 (Lyric poetry), (κατ-) 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 504 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+], Epic dialect βάν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 20.32 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; imperative βῆθι, Doric dialect βᾶθι [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1196 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; βᾱ in compounds ἔμβα, κατάβα, etc., 2nd pers. plural βᾶτε [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 191, “Eu.” 1033 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; subjunctive βῶ, Epic dialect 3rd.pers. singular βήῃ (ὑπερ-) [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.501, βήω 6.113, ἐμ-βέῃ “GDI” 5075.4 (Cretan dialect), _Doric dialect_ βᾶμες (for βῶμεν) 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 15.22 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; optative βαίη; infinitive βῆναι (Attic dialect Prose only in compounds), Epic dialect βήμεναι [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.296 ] Refs 8th c.BC+], Doric dialect βᾶμεν [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 4.39 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; participle βάς βᾶσα βάν, Doric dialect plural ἐκ-βῶντας [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.77:] Refs 5th c.BC+] — middle, Epic dialect aorist 1 ἐβήσετο (ἀπ-) [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.428 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]:—passive, present (see. below[[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 11.1): in compounds, ] Refs 4th c.BC+]aorist ἀν-, παρ-, ξυν-εβάθην, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Equitandi ratione” 3.4, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.67, 4.30; later παρ-εβάνθην 2nd-3rd c.AD: Dio Cassius Historicus 48.2, +others] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀνα-, παρα-, ξυμ-βέβᾰμαι, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Equitum magistro” 1.4, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.123, 8.98; παρα-βέβασμαι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 17.12: ] Refs 5th c.BC+]future παρα-βαθήσομαι [[Scholia 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 802.] Refs 5th c.BC+]—For the active future and aorist 1, see infr. B; for present participle βιβάς, see at {βίβημι}.—In correct Attic dialect Prose the present βαίνω is almost the only tense in use; but in compds. Prose writers used all tenses freely.
__I intransitive, walk, step, properly of motion on foot, ποσὶ βήσετο [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.745, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; but also of all motion on ground, the direction being commonly determined by a preposition:—the kind of motion is often marked by a participle, βῆ φεύγων, βῆ ἀΐξασα, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.665, 4.74: with ] Refs 8th c.BC+]participle future, denoting purpose, βῆ ῥ᾽ Ἶσον.. ἐξεναρίξων he went to slay, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.101 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: with neuter adjective as adverb, σαῦλα ποσὶν β. [[ “hymnus ad Mercurium” 28; ἁβρὸν β. παλλεύκῳ ποδί 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 1164, compare 830 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἴσα or ὁμοίως β. τινί, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 19.314, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Equitandi ratione” 1.3; ἐν ποικίλοις β. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 936, compare 924 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; march or dance, μετὰ ῥυθμοῦ, ἐν ῥυθμῷ, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.70, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 670b ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: frequently with infinitive in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, βῆ δ᾽ ἰέναι] Refs 8th c.BC+] set out to go, went his way, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.199, etc.; βῆ δ᾽ ἴμεν 5.167, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; βῆ δὲ θέειν started to run, [[ 2.183 ] Refs], etc.; βῆ δ᾽ ἐλάαν [[ 13.27: with _accusative_ loci, νέας 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.162, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 153 (Lyric poetry), “OC” 378 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ νηὸς ἔβαινεν was going on board ship, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.534; but ἐν δὲ ἑκάστῃ [νηῒ].. ἑκατὸν καὶ εἴκοσι βαῖνον ] Refs 8th c.BC+]were on board, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.510 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐφ᾽ ἵππων βάντες having mounted the chariot, [[ 18.532 ] Refs]; ἐπὶ πώλου βεβῶσα mounted on.., [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 313; ἐς δίφρον 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.364; ἐς ἅρματα 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Electra” 320 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; βαίνειν δι᾽ αἵματος wade in blood, [[ [prev. author] “Ph.” 20. ] Refs]
__I.2 in perfect, stand or be in a place, χῶρος ἐν ᾧ βεβήκαμεν [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 52 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; βεβηκὼς σφόδρα firmly poised (opposed to κρεμάμενος) [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 62c ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; β. μάχη steady fight, [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Philopoemen” 9 ] Refs 1st c.AD+]: frequently almost, ={εἰμί} (sum), εὖ βεβηκώς on a good footing, well established, prosperous, [θεοὶ] εὖ βεβηκότας ὑπτίους κλίνουσ᾽ [[ 7th c.BC: Archilochus Lyricus 56.3; τυραννίδα εὖ βεβηκυῖαν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.164, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 979 ] Refs 7th c.BC+]; εὖ βίου βεβηκότα probably to be read instead of ἐν βίῳ βεβιωκότα [[ 2nd c.AD: Nicomachus Gerasenus Mathematicus Comedy texts 2; ἀσφαλέως βεβηκὼς ποσσί 7th c.BC: Archilochus Lyricus 58.4; ἐπισφαλῶς βεβ. LXX.Wis.4.4; ἄγαλμα βεβηκὸς ἄνω τὰ κάτω δὲ κεχηνός 4th c.BC: Eubulus Comicus 107.23 ] LXX+7th c.BC+]; οἱ ἐν τέλει ἐόντες, βεβῶτες, they who arein office, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.106, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 67 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοῦτον οὐχ ὁρῇς ὅκως βέβη-[κεν] ἀνδριάντ; [[ 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 4.36; [λίθους] ἐν ταῖς ἰδίαις χώραις βεβηκότας “IG” 7.3073.163 (Lebad.); ἐν κακοῖς βεβ. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1057; μοίρᾳ οὐκ ἐν ἐσθλᾷ β. [prev. work] 1095 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; βοῦς, κλεὶς ἐπὶ γλώσσῃ βέβηκεν, see at {βοῦς} IV, κλείς [[ 4; φρόνει βεβὼς ἐπὶ ξυροῦ τύχης 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 996. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.2.b Geometry texts of figures, stand on a base, ἐπί τινος [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Incessu Animalium” 709a24, compare 3rd-2nd c.BC: Apollonius Pergaeus Geometra “Conica” 3.3; πυραμὶς ἐπὶ τετραγώνου βεβηκυῖα 2nd-1st c.BC(?): Hero Mechanicus ] Refs 4th c.BC+] “*Stereom.” 1.31; of an angle, stand on an arc, ἐπί τινος, πρός τινι, [[ 3rd c.BC: Euclides Geometra 3 “Def.” 9, compare 16.26. ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
__I.2.c βεβηκὼς ῥυθμός stately rhythm, [[ 5th c.AD: Syrianus Philosophus et Rhetor “in Hermogenem commentaria” 1p.69R.; ἀνάπαυσις [prev. work] p.18 R. ] Refs 5th c.AD+]
__I.3 go away, depart, ἐν νηυσὶ φίλην ἐς πατρίδ᾽ [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.16 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἔβαν ἄγοντες, ἔβαν φέρουσαι, have gone and taken away, [[ 1.391, 2.302; ἄφαρ βέβακεν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 134; θανάσιμος βέβηκεν [prev. author] “OT” 959, compare 832; βεβᾶσι φροῦδοι 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 1289 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; βέβηκα euphemistic for τέθνηκα, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 1002 (Lyric poetry) ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; of things, ἐννέα ἐνιαυτοὶ βεβάασι nine years have come and gone, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.134; πῇ ὅρκια βήσετα; [prev. work] 339, compare 8.229. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__I.4 come, τίπτε βέβηκα; [[ 15.90 ] Refs]; arrive, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 81, “Aj.” 921. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.5 go on, advance, ἐς τόδε τόλμης, ἐς τοσοῦτον ἐλπίδων, [[ [prev. author] “OT” 125, 772; ἐπ᾽ ἔσχατα [prev. author] “OC” 217 (Lyric poetry). ] Refs]
__I.6 with participle as periphrastic for future, βαίνω καταγγέλλων [[ “PMag.Par.” 1.2474. ] Refs]
__II with accusative, mount, [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] only in aorist middle βήσασθαι δίφρον [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.262, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.481 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: in active (future participle middle βησόμενος [[ 4th c.AD: Themistius Sophista “Orationes” 21.248b)] Refs 4th c.AD+], of the male, mount, cover, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 250e, 5th c.BC: Achaeus Tragicus 28, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 575a13, etc.:] Refs 5th c.BC+] —in passive, ἵπποι βαινόμεναι brood mares, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.192. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.2 with accusative cognate, β. Δωρίαν κέλευθον ὕμνων [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “Fragmenta.” 191; Καλλαβίδας 5th c.BC: Eupolis Comicus 163 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἔβα ῥόον went down stream, i.e. died, [[ 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 1.140. ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
__II.2.b metaphorically of metre, scan, [[ 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Compositione Verborum” 21 (_passive_), 2nd c.AD: Aristides Rhetor 1st c.AD: Quintilianus Rhetor Latinus 1.23,24, etc.; βαίνεται τὸ ἔπος ] Refs 1st c.BC+]is scanned, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 1093a30. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II.3 χρέος ἔβα με debts came on me, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 30; ὀδύνα μ᾽ ὀδύνα βαίνει 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 1371 (Lyric poetry). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.4 poetical with accusative of the instrument of motion, βαίνειν πόδα [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Electra” 94, 1173 (Lyric poetry). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.5 βαίνειν· φιλεῖν, κολακεύειν, [[ 5th c.AD(?): Hesychius Legal icographus ] Refs 5th c.AD+]
__B Causal, in future βήσω, (ἐπι-) [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.197, (εἰσ-) 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 742: ] Refs 8th c.BC+]aorist 1 ἔβησα—make to go, φῶτας βῆσεν ἀφ᾽ ἵππων he made them dismount, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.810 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀμφοτέρους ἐξ ἵππων βῆσε κακῶς he brought them down from the chariot in sorry plight,[[ 5.164; ὄφρα βάσομεν ὄκχον 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 6.24.—Rare in Trag. (except in compounds), 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 209 (Lyric poetry).] Refs 5th c.BC+] —The simple Verb is uncommon in later Gr. (For βάμ-yω, cf. Latin venio, Sanskrit gamyáte; βάσκω corresponds to Sanskrit gácchati (g[uglide]ṃ-sk-); root g[uglide]em- in OHG. quëman 'come'; ἔβην, βήσομαι from root g[uglide]ā-, Sanskrit jigāti, aorist ágāt.)
