δρῦς, ἡ
(Pelop. ὁ, accusative to [[Scholia 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 401, compare “IG” 9(1).485.5 (from Thyrrheum), but _feminine_ in 4th c.AD(?): Arcadius Grammaticus, “Schwyzer” 664.23): _genitive_ δρυός: _accusative_ δρῦν (δρύα 4th c.AD(?): Quintus Smyrnaeus Epicus 3.280): _nominative_ _plural_ δρύες 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.132, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 832, etc., δρῦς 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “de Causis Plantarum” 2.9.2, 2nd c.AD: Pausanias Periegeta 8.12.1: _accusative_ _plural_ δρῦς 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 528, “Nu.” 402, δρύας 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 403, 3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Hymnus in Delum” 84, “Anthologia Graeca” 7.8 (Antip. Sid.): _genitive_ δρυῶν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.218: dual δρύε Hdn.Gr. 1.420 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]. [ῠ, except in δρῦς, δρῦν: genitive δρῡός at the beginning of a verse, [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 436]] Refs 8th c.BC+]:—originally, tree (δρῦν ἐκάλουν οἱ παλαιοὶ.. πᾶν δένδρον [[Scholia 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.86, compare 5th c.AD(?): Hesychius Legal icographus)] Refs 8th c.BC+]; including various trees, [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 3.8.2 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; especially Quercus Aegilops (φηγός) and Quercus Ilex (πρῖνος),[[compare ἡ φηγὸς καὶ ἡ πρῖνος εἴδη δρυός 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 1.106 ] Refs 1st c.AD+]; opposed to πεύκη, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.494 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; opposed to πίτυς, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.186, compare 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.389, 23.328, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; στέφανος δρυός crown of oak leaves, [[ “SIG” 2588.7 (Delos, 2nd c.BC)] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; commonly, the oak, δ. ὑψικάρηνοι, ὑψίκομοι, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.132, 14.398, compare 13.389, 23.328, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; sacred to Zeus, who gave his oracles from the oaks of Dodona, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.328; αἱ προσήγοροι δρύες 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 832; πολύγλωσσος δ. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 1168, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 275b: proverbial, οὐ γὰρ ἀπὸ δρυός ἐσσι.. οὐδ᾽ ἀπὸ πέτρης] Refs 8th c.BC+] thou art no foundling from the woods or rocks, i. e. thou hast parents and a country, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.163, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 34d, “R.” 544d, “Anthologia Graeca” 10.55 (6th c.AD: Palladas Epigrammaticus)] Refs 8th c.BC+]; but οὐ μέν πως νῦν ἔστιν ἀπὸ δρυὸς οὐδ᾽ ἀπὸ πέτρης.. ὀαρίζειν 'tis no time now to talk at ease from tree or rock, like lovers, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.126 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀλλὰ τί ἦ μοι ταῦτα περὶ δρῦν ἢ περὶ πέτρη; why all this about trees and rocks (i. e. things we have nothing to do with)? [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 35 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; also διὰ πέτρας καὶ διὰ δρυὸς ὁρᾶν 'to see through a brick wall', [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.1083d. ] Refs 1st c.AD+]