ἐπιστήμη, ἡ,
(ἐπίσταμαι) acquaintance with a matter, understanding, skill, as in archery, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1057; in war, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.121, 6.72, 7.62; ἐ. πρὸς τὸν πόλεμον 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 33.7 (perhaps to be read περί) περὶ τὰ μαθήματα 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Philebus” 55d; τοῦ νεῖν [prev. author] “Grg.” 511c ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπιστήμῃ skilfully, οἱ μὴ ἐ. τοὺς ἐπαίνους ποιούμενοι [[ 3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 5.5.13. ] Refs 3rd c.AD+]
__2. professional skill: hence, profession, οἱ τὴν ἰατρικὴν ἐ. μεταχειριζόμενοι [[ “PFay.” 106.22 (2nd c.AD)] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; ζωγράφος τὴν ἐ. painter by profession, [[ POxy. 896.5 (4th c.AD). ] Refs 4th c.AD+]
__II. generally, knowledge, ἐπιστήμῃ σύ μου προὔχοις ἄν [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1115 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πάντ᾽ ἐπιστήμης πλέως full of knowledge in all things, [[ [prev. author] “Ant.” 721, compare “Tr.” 338 ] Refs]; ἐκ τῆς ἐ. [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 522.3 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐ. δοξαστική, opposed to ἀλήθεια, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Sophista” 233c ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: plural, kinds of knowledge, μυρίαι ἀνδρῶν ἐπιστᾶμαι πέλονται [[ 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 9.38, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 208a. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.2. scientific knowledge, science, opposed to δόξα, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 477bf, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “νόμος” 4, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 301b, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Anthologia Graeca” 0.88b30, “EN” 1139b18: coupled with ἐμπειρία and τέχνη, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 422c, compare “Ion” 536c, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 981a2 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: plural, the sciences, frequently in [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus (“R.” 522c, +others), etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]