κίβδηλ-ος, ον,
adulterated, base, especially of coin, χρυσοῦ κιβδήλοιο καὶ ἀργύρου [[ 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 119, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 516; στατῆρες κ. “IG” 22.1388.61; κ. λόγος τοῦ τόκου 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 507a ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; τιμαί, opposed to ἀληθεῖς, [[ [prev. author] “Lg.” 728d ] Refs]; ἐν δὲ κιβδήλῳ τόδε this may prove false, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Electra” 550 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ σὰν κίβδαλον spurious, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “Dith.” 2.3; ἱμάτιον ἐκ δύο ὑφασμένον κ. LXX.Lev.19.19. ] LXX+5th c.BC+]
__II metaphorically, fraudulent, dishonest, opposed to ἀληθής, of men, [[ 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 117 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; κίβδηλον (conjecture -λοι).. ἦθος ἔχοντες [[ [prev. author] 965; τοῦτο θεὸς κιβδηλότατον ποίησε [prev. author] 123 ] Refs]; κ. καὶ ἀπατεών, κ. καὶ ἀγαθοφανέες, [[ 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 63, 82; δίκαιον 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1375b6 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; of oracles, etc., deceitful, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.66, 75, 5.91, 2nd c.AD: Maximus Tyrius Sophista 28.3 (_superlative_)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; of women, κ. ἀνθρώποις κακόν [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 616; κ. ἐπιτηδεύματα 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 918a. (2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 7.99 ] Refs 5th c.BC+] cites κίβδος, = dross or alloy of gold; [[Scholia 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 158 explanation κιβδηλία] Refs 5th c.BC+] as the dross of silver; [[ 5th c.AD(?): Hesychius Legal icographus ] Refs 5th c.AD+] also cites κίβδης, = κακοῦργος, <κά>πηλος, xeirote/xnhs, and [[ 2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus ] Refs 2nd c.AD+] κίβδωνες (variant{κιβδῶνες} [[ 9th c.AD: Photius Legal icographus, etc.)] Refs 9th c.AD+], ={μεταλλεῖς}, miners.)