ὁπλῑτ-ης, ου, ὁ,
(ὅπλον) heavy-armed, armed, ὁ. δρόμοι races of men in armour, opposed to the naked race (see. στάδιον [[ 11), 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 1.23 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; called ὁ ὁ. or simply ὁπλίτης (Doric dialect, [[ 4th c.AD(?): Arcadius Grammaticus -τας) in “IG” 5(1).1120 (Geronthrae, 5th c.BC), 5(2).550.26 (Lycaeum, 4th c.BC), etc. (= τοῦ ὅπλου δρόμος, 2nd c.AD: Pausanias Periegeta 6.13.1), compare ὁπλιτοδρομέω] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀνὴρ ὁ. [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 717, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 585, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ. στρατός an armed host, [[ [prev. author] “Heracl.” 800 ] Refs]; ὁ. κόσμος warrior-dress, armour, [[[prev. work] 699. ] Refs]
__II mostly as substantive, ὁπλίτης, ὁ, heavy-armed foot-soldier, man-at-arms, who carried a pike (δόρυ) and a large shield (ὅπλον), Ἀθηναίων οἱ στρατηγοὶ καὶ.. οἱ ὁ. [[ “IG” 12.116.25 ] Refs]; ὁπλῖται, opposed to ψιλοί, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.30, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.106 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to γυμνῆτες, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.63 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to ἱππεῖς, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 552a ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to τοξόται, [[ [prev. author] “Criti.” 119b ] Refs]; to be a ὁπλίτης implied the possession of full civic rights, hence οἱ ὁ., opposed to οἱ βάναυσοι, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1326a23; and, in oligarchical states, opposed to ὁ δῆμος, [prev. work] 1305b33. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]