πλεύμων
or πνεύμων, ονος, ὁ (on the form and derivation, see entry near the end), the lungs, πάγη δ᾽ ἐν πλεύμονι χαλκός [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.528, 20.486 (variant); ὁ τῶν πνευμάτων τῷ σώματι ταμίας ὁ π. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 84d, compare 70c, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Respiratione” 476a9, LXX.1Ki.22.34 ] LXX+8th c.BC+]: mostly in plural, [[ 7th c.BC: Archilochus Lyricus 9.5, 7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus 39.1, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 61, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 567, etc.; διὰ πνευμόνων θερμὸν ἄησιν ὕπνον 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 178 A; πνεῦμ᾽ ἀνεὶς ἐκ πλευμόνων 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 277 ] Refs 7th c.BC+]; regarded as the most vital part, σπαραγμὸς.. πλευμόνων ἀνθήψατο [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 778, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Lysistrata” 367, “Ra.” 474; πλευμόνων πολὺς πόνος [prev. work] 829 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; as the seat of love, [Κύπρις] Διὸς τυραννεῖ πλευμόνων [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 941.15. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II sea-lungs, jelly-fish, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Philebus” 21c, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Partibus Animalium” 681a18, 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “de Signis Tempestatum” 40, Pytheas cited in 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 34.3.4 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; term of abuse applied by Epicurus to Nausiphanes, [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Epicurus Philosophus “Frr.” 114, 236. (Grammars differ as to the forms. 12th c.AD: Eustathius Episcopus Thessalonicensis (483.10, 1436.62) and 9th c.AD: Photius Legal icographus, etc. both recognize πλεύμων] Refs 4th c.BC+] as the Homeric and ancient form; this was also the true Attic dialect form, [[ 2nd c.AD: Moeris Grammaticus p.309 P., Scholia 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 1069, 12th c.AD: Eustathius Episcopus Thessalonicensis 483.10 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; it is found in the best codices of [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 61, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 567 ] Refs 5th c.BC+], as well as in codices of [[ 7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus ([prev. cited] cited in 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 10.430b), 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus (“Art.” 41, “Prog.” 23, +others, compare i p.cxx K.), 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus, and 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus, also in Papyrus, 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Ir.” pp.27,28 W., and Inscription, “IG” 42(1).122.56 (Epid., 4th c.BC), and is doubtless the original form, which was altered in accordance with a supposed derivation from πνεῦμα suggested by 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Respiratione” 476a9, compare “Etymologicum Magnum” 677.31 ] Refs 7th c.BC+]. Cf. Lithuanian plaũčiai 'lungs', cognate with πλέω, as 'that which floats', cf. Engl. lights, also lungs, cognate with ἐλαφρός.)