σφάλ-μα, ατος, τό,
trip, stumble, false step, [[ Anthologia Graeca 7.634 (1st c.AD: Antiphilus Epigrammaticus), 4th c.AD(?): Manetho Astrologus 4.289. ] Refs 1st c.AD+]
__2 a glide, in a surgical operation, [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Heliodorus Medicus cited in 4th c.AD: Oribasius Medicus 49.8.38, 2nd c.AD: Rufus Medicus [prev. work]49.28.13. ] Refs 1st c.AD+]
__II metaphorically,
__II.1 fall, failure, defeat, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.6, 9.9, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.14 (_plural_), etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; σφάλματα ποιοῦντες causing losses, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 298b. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.2 fault, error, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.207, 7.10 ] Refs 5th c.BC+].; τὰ πρόσθε σ. [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 54, “Supp.” 416, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 168a, “R.” 487b, 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Rh.” 1.348 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 6.68. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]