χρέος, τό
Epic dialect χρεῖος [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus (who also uses χρέος, but only in 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey”, see below 1.1)] Refs 8th c.BC+]: Attic dialect χρέως [[ 2nd c.AD: Phrynichus Atticista 370, Moeris p.403 P., 4th-5th c.AD: Choeroboscus Grammaticus “Scholia in Theodosii Canones” 1.360H. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+] (and this form appears in codices of [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 25.69, 33.24, 38.14, 40.37, 42.5 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; but χρέος in [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 267a, “Lg.” 958b)] Refs 5th c.BC+]: genitive χρείους [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 373 (troch., assuming variant), χρέους 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 17.5 codices, χρέως 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 49.18 (and so Choerob.[same place])] Refs 5th c.BC+]; no dative occurs in Epic dialect forms:—plural, nominative and accusative χρέᾰ [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 647, χρέᾱ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 39, 443 (_anapaest meter_), compare 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 21.13, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 684e, etc.; 4th c.AD(?): Arcadius Grammaticus χρήατα (but “Schwyzer” [665] χρῆα τά) “IG” 5(2).343.20, 27 (Orchom., 4th c.BC)] Refs 8th c.BC+]; genitive χρεῶν [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 13, 117, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 566a, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Epic dialect χρειῶν [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 404 (χρεέων conjecture Rzach)] Refs 8th c.BC+]; Epic dialect dative χρέεσι [[ 4th c.AD(?): Manetho Astrologus 4.135; χρήεσσι 3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 3.1198 ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]: (χράομαι, χρή):
__I that which one needs must pay, obligation, debt, Ἄρης.. χρέος καὶ δεσμὸν ἀλύξας [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.353, compare 355 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; χρεῖος ἀποστήσασθαι, i.e. pay it in full, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.746 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: especially of the obligation to restore or pay for 'lified' cattle and plunder, so the heralds of the Pylians summoned to share in booty all οἷσι χρεῖος ὀφείλετ᾽·.. πολέσιν γὰρ Ἐπειοὶ χρεῖος ὄφειλον (where [[ Scholia A, τὰ περιελασθέντα ἐκ τῆς Πύλου ὑπὸ τῶν Ἐπειῶν θρέμματα χρέως καλεῖ) 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.686, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.367, 21.17 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; later simply, debt, αὐτὸς ἔτεισε.. χρέος [[ 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 205 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἀρᾶς τίνει χ. pays the debt demanded by the curse, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 457 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; μή τι πέρα χρέος.. πόλει προσάψῃς debt, i. e. guilt, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 235 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; χ. πράσσειν τινά exact payment of a debt from one, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 3.7 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐμὸν καταίσχυνε χ. dishonoured my debt, i.e. dishonoured me for not paying my debt, for not keeping my promise, [[[prev. work] 10(11).8 ] Refs]; τεὸν χ. the debt due to thee, [[ [prev. author] “P.” 8.33: in Comedy texts and Prose, χ. ἀποδιδόναι] Refs] repay a debt, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.136 (where also we have χ. διδόναι] Refs 5th c.BC+] to give a loan, and χ. λαμβάνειν to receive a loan),[[compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 117, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 267a ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἔχω χ. ὡς εἰπεῖν οὐδὲν ἀνδρὸς Ἕλληνος I know of nothing that 1 owe to any man of Greece, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.140; χ. ἀπαιτεῖν 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Otho” 2; τὰ ὑπάρχοντα τῶν χ. ἀνεῖσθαι [prev. author] “Sol.” 15 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ ἐπὶ τὴν τράπεζαν χρέως (i.e. ὀφειλόμενον) [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 33.24 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὢ καλὸν εἰς ἄλοχον θέμενος χ., like{χάριν θέσθαι} (see. τίθημι [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 11.7 near the end), epigram in “Arch.Papyrus” 1.220 (from Ptolemaic)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἔχειν εἴς τι χ. [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Caesar” 48 ] Refs 1st c.AD+]: plural, debts, [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 647, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 13, etc.; χρειῶν λύσις 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 404; χρέα ἀπολαβεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 3.15; χρέα ἐπὶ τόκοις ὀφειλόμενα 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 11.42 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὴν οὐσίαν ἅπασαν χρέα κατέλιπον left all the property in outstanding debts, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 38.7; εἰσπραχθέντα χρέα [prev. passage]; ἐκπληρῶσαι τὸ χ. ἅπαν] Refs 4th c.BC+] pay it, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 958b; τὸ χ. διαλυέτω “SIG” 306.46 (Tegea, 4th c.BC),compare 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Lucullus” 20 (_passive_)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πρὸς τὰ χ. ἀπάγεσθαι [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 38.11.10, 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 4.9:] Refs 2nd c.BC+] —compare ἀποκοπή.