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ὠθ-έω,
Attic dialect imperfect ἐώθουν [[5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 637 (troch.), 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 9.65, (ἐξ-) 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.52, etc., and ἐώθει even in “hymnus ad Mercurium” 305 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Ionic dialect and Epic dialect 3rd.pers. singular ὤθει [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.241 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; Ionic dialect ὤθεσκε [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.596: but ὤθει 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 1395 is _falsa lectio_ for{ὠθεῖ} (from Kirchhoff)] Refs 8th c.BC+]: future ὠθήσω [[ [prev. author] “Cyc.” 592, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 300 (Lyric poetry), (ἐξ-) 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1248; but ὤσω 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 379, “Andr.” 344 ] Refs 5th c.BC+], and always in Prose; ἀπ-ώσω [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.280 ] Refs 8th c.BC+], Epic dialect infinitive ἀπ-ωσέμεν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.367 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: Attic dialect aorist ἔωσα [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 60c, etc., (ἐξ-) 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1296, 1330, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Ionic dialect and Epic dialect ὦσα [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.220, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.167 ] Refs 8th c.BC+], Epic dialect ὤσασκε [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.599; but ἔωσα 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.410, (ἀπ-) 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.81; later ὤθησα 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 13.17, etc.: ] Refs 8th c.BC+]perfect ἔωκα (ἐξ-) [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.48c: ] Refs 1st c.AD+]pluperfect ἐώκει (ἐξ-) [[ [prev. author] “Brut.” 42 ] Refs]:—middle, future ὤσομαι (ἀπ-) [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 944, etc., (δι-) 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 199.9, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—Attic dialect aorist ἐωσάυην [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.43, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 1085 (troch., with variants)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Ionic dialect and Epic dialect ὠσάμην [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.592, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.25, variant in 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “V.” ] Refs 8th c.BC+][same place]:—passive, future ὠσθήσομαι [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 335 (variant{ὠθήσομαι}), (ἐξ-) 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 24.61: _Attic dialect_ ] Refs 5th c.BC+]aorist ἐώσθην (ἐξ-) [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.4.34, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; later ὤσθην (ἐξ-) [[ 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Anabasis” 4.25.3, 3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 4.4.45 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]: Attic dialect perfect ἔωσμαι [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.1.36 ] Refs 5th c.BC+], (ἀπ-, περι-) [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.39, 3.57 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Ionic dialect participle ἀπωσμένος [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.69 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]:— thrust, push,
__I mostly of human force, as of Sisyphus, σκηριπτόμενος χερσίν τε ποσίν τε λᾶαν ἄνω ὤθεσκε ποτὶ λόφον he kept pushing it.., [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.596, compare 599; ἀπὸ εἷο τράπεζαν ὦσε ποδὶ πλήξας 22.20 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; [ἔγχος] ὑπὲκ δίφροιο pushed it away from.., [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.854; ἂψ ἐς κουλεὸν ὦσε ξίφος 1.220; τοῖσι δ᾽ ἀπ᾽ ὀφθαλμῶν νέφος ἀχλύος ὦσεν Ἀθήνη 15.668; τὸν δε᾽ Ζεὺς ὦσεν ὄπισθε χειρί [prev. work] 694, compare 13.193; ὦσαί [τινα] ἀφ᾽ ἵππων 5.19; ἀφ᾽ ἵππων χαμᾶζε [prev. work] 835, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; so ὦσαι ἑωυτὸν ἐς τὸ πῦρ rush into the fire, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.167 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὠ. τινα ἐπὶ κεφαλήν throw him headlong down, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 553b ] Refs 5th c.BC+] (passive, ὠθέεσθαι ἐπὶ κ. [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.136); ὠ. τινα ἐπὶ τράχηλον 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DMort.” 27.1; πετρῶν ὦσαι κάτω 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Cyclops” 448, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 229c; εἰς λιθοτομίας 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 53.17: frequently of weapons, ὠ. ξίφος δἰ ἀμφοτέρων] Refs 5th c.BC+] thrust it through both, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.78; τεκούσης ἐς σφαγὰς ὦσαι ξίφος 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 291; διὰ μέσου αὐχένος ὠθεῖ σίδηρον [prev. author] “Ph.” 1458; φάσγανον δἰ ἥπατος [prev. author] “Med.” 379; ξίφος πρὸς ἧπαρ [prev. author] “Hel.” 983; δαλοῦ κώπην ἔσω βλεφάρων [prev. author] “Cyc.” 485 (_anapaest meter_), compare 636 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐκ μηροῦ δόρυ ὦσε θύραζε forced it out from the thigh, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.694 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὸ ἱμάτιον ὦσαι εἰς τὸ στόμα stuff it into his mouth, [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Characteres” 2.4: τὴν θύραν ὠθεῖ] Refs 4th c.BC+] forces the door, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 152, compare 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.24; πύλας 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 1562 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: sometimes of other than human force, as of a stream, ὦσε δὲ νεκρούς [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.235, compare 241 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; of the wind, Νότος μέγα κῡμα ποτὶ.. ῥίον ὠθεῖ [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.295 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; [ὁ ποταμὸς] ὠθεῖ κῦμα Metagen.[[ 6.3; ὠ. κολόκυμα 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 692: _metaphorically_, ἀ δ᾽ ἀτέρα τὰν ἀτέραν κύλιξ ὠθήτω 7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus 41. ] Refs 7th c.BC+]
__I.2 force back in battle, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.336, 13.193, etc.; ἄνδρας προτὶ ἄστυ 16.45; see below 11. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__I.3 thrust out, banish, ὠ. ἅπαντας τὸν ἀσεβῆ [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1382; ἔξω δόμων τε καὶ πάτρας ὠθεῖν τινα 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 665; ἀπ᾽ οἴκων 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 241; ἐκ δόμων 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 344; ἔξω τινὰ φυγάδα 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 560d ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; σπονδῶν ἄπο, ἀπὸ τῶν ἱερῶν, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 46, 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 2.86; ὠ. τινας ἀθάπτους 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1307 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, ὠθούμεθ᾽ ἔξω [[ [prev. author] “fragment” 583.7. ] Refs]
__I.4 metaphorically, ὠ. τὰ πρήγματα push matters on, hurry them, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.81; ἐπιθυμία ὠθεῖ ἐπὶ τὰς ἀπολαύσεις 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Virtutibus et Vitiis” 1250a24. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.5 absolutely, ὦσα παρέξ pushed off from land, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.488; ὤθει βιαίως 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 356, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.4.31 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὸ ὠθοῦν the motive power, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Cratylus” 401d. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II middle, mostly in aorist, thrust or push away from oneself, force back, especially in battle, frequently in [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad”, ὄφρα τάχιστα ὤσαιτ᾽ Ἀργείους 5.691; τείχεος ἂψ ὤσασθαι 12.420; ὤσασθαι προτὶ Ἴλιον, προτὶ ἄστυ, 8.295, 16.655; τὴν ἵππον ὤσαντο 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.25, compare 3.72, 6.37; ὤσασθαί τινας κατὰ βραχύ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.96; ὠσαμένων τὸ εὐώνυμον κέρας [prev. author] 6.70, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; once in Trag., [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 326 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: of a horse, throw its rider, [[ 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 260 (assuming variant). ] Refs 6th c.BC+]
__II.2 intransitive, push, press forward, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.11, 35, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Agesilaus” 32; ὠθεῖσθαι εἰς τὸ πρόσθεν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.1.31; πρὸς τὴν πληγὴν ὁμόσε ὠθεῖσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Euthydemus” 294d; εἰς χεῖρας ὠθεῖσθαι τοῖς ἐναντίοις 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Theseus” 5. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III passive, to be thrust, pushed, or forced, rush or fall violently, ἐπὶ κεφαλήν [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus (see. above 1.1); πρὸς βίαν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 406; βιᾳ [prev. author] “Med.” 335, etc.; ἱδρῶτες ταχέως ὠθούμενοι 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἀφορισμοί” 7.85. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.2 middle, crowd, throng, jostle, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 3.3.64; ὠ. ὥσπερ ὕες 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 15.73, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 572b25: _impersonal_ in ] Refs 5th c.BC+]passive, ἐπὶ μέζον ὠθεῖται the crush gets worse, [[ 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 4.54. ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
