, al.; butὑπαὶ νεφέωνis given by most codd. in Il. 15.625 , 16.375 (v. Allen ed. maj.), and ὑπαὶ νεφέεσσι
Anon.
ap. Plu. 2.38e ; also in compds., ὑπαιδείδοικα
h.Merc. 165
,ὑπαιφοινίσσω(q. v.); it is not freq. in Trag. Poets, A. Ag. 892 , 944 , 1164 (lyr.), Eu. 417 , S. El. 711 , 1418 (lyr.),Inach.in PTeb. 692 ii5 (lyr.), E. El. 1188 (lyr.), Ar. Ach. 970 (paratrag.). (Withὑπό(ὕπο) cf. Skt.úpa'towards, near to, etc.', Goth.uf'under'.)
A. WITH GENITIVE,
I. of Place, with Verbs of motion,from under, αὖτις ἀναστήσονται ὑ. ζόφουthey will rise againfrom underthe gloom, Il. 21.56 ; ὑ. χθονὸς ἧκε φόωσδε
;ἐσιδόντες ὑπαὶ χειμῶνος αἴγλαν from underthe storm-cloud, B. 12.139 ; esp. of rescuingfrom underanother's power, after the Verbsἐρύεσθαι, ἁρπάζειν, ῥύεσθαι, ἐρύειν,
Il. 9.248 , 13.198 , 17.224 , 235 ; ἤγαγεν ὑμέτερόνδ' ἀνδροκτασίης ὕ. λυγρῆς from the consequences of,
23.86
; alsoἵππους μὲν λῦσαν ὑ. ζυγοῦ from underthe yoke, 8.543 , Od. 4.39 ;ὑπ' ἀρνειοῦ λυόμηνI loosed myselffrom underthe ram, 9.463 ;σπλάγχνων ὕπο ματέρος μόλεν,i.e. was born, Pi. N. 1.35 , cf. O. 6.43 ; rarely in Trag., ὑ. πτερῶν σπάσας
E. Andr. 441
; περᾷ γὰρ ἥδ' ὑ. σκηνῆς πόδα
Id. Hec. 53
; once in Hdt. , τὰς δέ οἱ ἵππους ὑ. τοῦ ἅρματος νεμομένας ἀφανισθῆναι
4.8
; αἴ τις ὑ. τῶν νομίων τῶν ἐπιϝοικων ἀνχωρέῃ
SIG 47.27
(Locris,v B.C.); cf.ὑπέκ.
2. of the objectunderwhich a thing is or is placed,under, beneath,with collat. sense of motion, asμοχλὸν ὑ. σποδοῦ ἤλασα πολλῆςthrust itin underthe embers, Od. 9.375 ; ὑ. στέρνοιο τυχήσας
Il. 4.106
; τοὺς μὲν ὑ. χθονὸς εὐρυοδείης πέμψαν
Hes. Th. 717
: also without the sense of motion, ὑπ' ἀνθερεῶνος ὀχεὺς τέτατο
Il. 3.372
; βάθιστον ὑ. χθονός ἐστι βέρεθρον
8.14
; ἐτέθαπτο ὑ. χθονός
Od. 11.52
; κεκευθὼς πολεμίας ὑ. χθονός
A. Th. 588
; ὑπ' ἀγκῶνος βέλη
Pi. O. 2.83
; νέρθεν ὑπ' ἐγκεφάλοιο
Il. 16.347
; τὰ ὑ. γῆς δικαιωτήρια
Pl. Phdr. 249a
; δεξιὰν ὑφ' εἵματος κρύπτειν
E. Hec. 342
;φέρειν ζώνης ὕποib. 762 : Thom.Mag. p. 375 R. says thatὑ. = undertakes gen. in Att. , acc. in 'Hellenic' Greek;κατακρύψας ὑ. κόπρου,which isv.l. in
Od. 9.329 forὑ. κόπρῳ,is called by Eust. 1631.36
Ἀττικώτερον, ὁποῖον καὶ τὸ φέρειν τι ὑ. κόλπου ἢ ὑ. μάλης(v.κόλπος, μάλη); but in Att. Prose, Hdt. , and the Koineὑ.c. gen. in signfs. 1.1 , 2 is almost limited to these and a few other phrases, esp.ὑ. γῆς;it is not found at all in Th. , LXX , Ptolemaic papyri, andNT;
X. hasὑ. ἁμάξης(= from under) An. 6.4.22 , 25 ; the Orators have onlyὑ. μάλης,
Lys. Fr. 54 , D. 29.12 ;ὑ. γῆςis found in Pl. Ap. 18b , Mx. 246d , R. 414d , al., Arist. Mete. 352b6 , al., Hipparch. 2.2.45 , Plb. 18.18.10 (ὑ. τῆς γῆς), 21.28.3 , 10 .
: sts. with a verbalSubst.,τὸ ὑ. νόμου ἐπίταγμα(i. e.ἐπιταττόμενον) Id. R. 359a ; ἐκφορὰ φίλων ὕπο
A. Th. 1029
; ἡ ὑπ' ἀρετῆς Ἡρακλέους παίδευσις
X. Mem. 2.1.34
; ἡ ὑ. πάντων τιμή
Id. Cyr. 3.3.2
; Ἥρας δεσμοὶ ὑ. ὑέος
Pl. R. 378d
; soἄτρωτον ἦν ὑ. στύγους( = οὐ τετρωμένον ) prob. in A. Ch. 532 .
2. also in pregnant phrases, not only of the immediate act of the agent, but also of its further result,ὅθ' ὑ. λιγέων ἀνέμων σπέρχωσιν ἄελλαιhasten driven onbythem, Il. 13.334 ;ὑφ' Ἕκτορος . . φεύγοντεςfleeingbeforehim, 18.149 , χάσσονται ὑπ' ἔγχεος
: henceὑπόis used even with active Verbs, where a passive word may be supplied, e.g.ὑ. ἀρετῆς καὶ προθυμίης συνεπλήρουν τὰς νέας fromcourage, i. e. impelledbycourage, Hdt. 8.1 ; ὤρυσσον ὑ. μαστίγων
2. with Verbs of motion, where rest or position follows,εἷσαν ὑ. φηγῷset [him]down underit, Il. 5.693 ; ἔζευξαν ὑφ' ἅρμασιν . . ἵππους
Od. 3.478
, cf. Il. 24.782 ; ὑ. δ' ἄξοσι . . ἔπιπτον
16.378
, cf. X. Cyr. 7.1.37 ; δέμνι' ὑπ' αἰθούσῃ θέμεναι
Il. 24.644
.
3. in such phrases asὑ. χερσί τινος ἁλῶναι, δαμῆναι,
2.374 , 860 , al.; ἐμῇς ὑ. χερσὶ δάμασσον
3.352
; ὑ. δουρὶ δαμῆναι
5.653
, etc.; ἔκπεσον ἵππων Ἀτρεί̈δεω ὑ. χερσί
11.180
; ὤλετο . . ὑ. γαμφηλῇσι λέοντος
16.489
; πέπληγμαι δ' ὑπαὶ δάκει φοινίῳ
A. Ag. 1164
(lyr.); ἐν κονίῃσι πέσοιεν ὑπ' ἀνδράσι
Il. 6.453
; ὑ. τινὶ κτείνεσθαι
16.490
.
4. behind,
ὑ. φάλαγγι
Ascl. Tact. 6.1
;under the coverorprotection of,
ὑ. τούτῳ τῷ φράγματι τοὺς ὑπορύσσοντας εἶναι
Aen.Tact. 37.9
; ὑ. ταῖς αὑτῶν ἀσφαλείαις
Plb. 1.57.8
, 4.12.10 , 16.6.1 .
II. of the personunder whose hand, power,orinfluence,or the thingbyorthrough whicha thing is done,ὑπ' Ἀργείοισι φέβοντοfledbeforethem, Il. 11.121 ; freq. in Hom. with intr. or pass. Verbs, ἐφόβηθεν ὑφ' Ἕκτορι
.—ὑπόhas no sense c. dat. which it has not also c. gen.; but all its senses c. gen. do not belong to the dat.:—laterὑπόc. dat. is found as a mere periphr. of the dat., στέφος . . αὐτὸς ὑφ' ἡμετέραις πλεξάμενος παλάμαις
C. WITH ACCUSATIVE, of Place; to express motiontowards and underan object,ὑ. σπέος ἤλασε μῆλαdrove themunder,i.e.into,the cave, Il. 4.279 ; ὑ. ζυγὸν ἤγαγεν
2. also of Time,about,sts. more preciselyat,and of events,aboutorat the time of, ὑπ' αὐτὸν τὸν χρόνον ὅτε. . Ar. Ach. 139 , cf. Hdt. 7.165 ; ὑπ' αὐτὸν τὸν καιρόν
D. POSITION:ὑ.can follow itsSubst., becoming by anastropheὕπο.It is freq. separated from theSubst.by intervening words, as in Il. 2.465 , Od. 5.320 , 7.130 :—ὑπαίis placed after its case in A. Eu. 417 , S. El. 1418 ,Inach.l.c., although acc. to Hdn.Gr. 1.480 it cannot suffer anastrophe.
E. AS ADV.,under, below, beneath,freq. in Hom. ; esp. of young animals,under the mother,i.e.at the breast,
Od. 4.636 , 21.23 .
2. behind,
Hdt. 7.61 : cf. C. 1 .
II. ὑπ' ἐκorὑπέκ,
v. ὑπέκ. —In Hom. the separation of the Prep. from its Verb by tmesis is very freq., and sts. it follows, in which case it suffers anastrophe, φυγὼν ὕπο νηλεὲς ἦμαρ
Od. 9.17
.
F. IN COMPOSITION:
I. under,as well of rest as of motion, as inὕπειμι, ὑποβαίνω,etc.
2. of thecasingorcoveringof one thing with another, asὑπάργυρος, ὑπόχρυσος.
3. of theagencyorinfluence under whicha thing is done, to express subjection or subordination,ὑποδαμνάω, ὑποδμώς, ὑφηνίοχος,cf.ἐπίG. 111 .
II. denoting what is in small degree or gradual,somewhat, a little,as inὑποκινέω, ὑποδεής, ὑπόλευκος(so in tmesi, ὑ. τι ἀσεβῆ
Pl. Phdr. 242d
, cf. Grg. 493c ; ὑ. τι μικρὸν ἐπιθήκισα
Ar. V. 1290
(lyr.)).
III. underhand, secretly,as inὑποθέω, ὑποθωπεύω, ὑποκορίζομαι, ὑπόρνυμι.