εἰςorἐς, PREP. WITH ACC. ONLY:—both forms are found in Hom. , Ion. poets, and early metrical Inscrr.;ἐςis best attested in Hdt. and Hp. , and is found in nearly all early Ion. Inscrr. (exc. IG 12(8).262.16 (Thasos,v B. C.), ib. 7.235.1 (Oropus,iv B. C.));εἰςin Att. Inscrr. fromiv B. C., IG 2.115 , etc.; and usu. in Att. Prose (exc. Th. ) and Com. (exc. in parody): Trag. apptly. preferεἰς, butἐςis used before vowels metri gr.;ἐςwas retained in the phrasesἐς κόρακας(whence the Verbσκορακίζω), ἐς μακαρίαν. Aeol. poets haveεἰςbefore vowels,ἐςbefore consonants, and this is given as the rule in Hom. by An.Ox. 1.172 , cf. Hellad. ap. Phot. Bibl. p.533B. (Orig.ἐνς, as in IG 4.554.7 (Argos), GDI 4986.11 (Crete); cf.ἐν, ἰν. The diphthong is genuine in Aeol.
εἰς, but spurious in Att. - Ion. ) Radical sense
A. into, and then more loosely,to:
I. OF PLACE, the oldest and commonest usage,εἰς ἅλα intoortothe sea, Il. 1.141 , al.; εἰς ἅλαδε
ὡς, πρός, παρά), Il. 7.312 , 15.402 , Od. 14.127 , Hdt. 4.147 ; also in Att. with collective Nouns, ἐς τὸν δῆμον παρελθόντες
Th. 5.45
, or plurals, εἰς ὑμᾶς εἰσῆλθον
D. 18.103
; esp. of consulting an oracle, ἐς θεὸν ἐλθεῖν
Pi. O. 7.31
; εἰς Ἄμμων' ἐλθόντες
Ar. Av. 619
.
2. with Verbs expressingrestina place, when a previous motionintoortoit is implied,ἐς μέγαρον κατέθηκεν ἐπὶ θρόνουhe put itinthe house (i.e. he brought itintothe house, and put itthere), Od. 20.96 ;ἐς θρόνους ἕζοντοthey sat them downuponthe seats, 4.51 , cf. 1.130 ;ἐφάνη λὶς εἰς ὁδόνthe lion appearedinthe path, Il. 15.276 ; ἀπόστολος ἐς τὴν Μίλητον ἦν
Hdt. 1.21
(s. v.l.); αὐτὸς ἐς Αακεδαίμονα ἀπόστολος ἐγίνετο
Id. 5.38
; ἐς κώμην παραγίνονται
Id. 1.185
; παρῆν ἐς Σάρδις
Id. 6.1
; ἐς δόμους μένειν
S. Aj. 80
(cod. Laur.); ἐς τὴν νῆσον κατέκλῃσε
Th. 1.109
, cf. Hdt. 3.13 ;ἀπόβασιν ποιήσασθαι ἐς. . Th. 2.33 , etc.; later used like ἐν, τὴν γῆν εἰς ἣν ὑμεῖς κατοικεῖτε
3. with Verbs of saying or speaking,εἰςrelates to the personstoorbeforewhom one speaks,εἰπεῖν ἐς πάντας, ἐς πάντας αὔδα, Hdt. 8.26 , S. OT 93 ; λέγειν εἰς τὸ μέσον τῶν ταξιάρχων
X. Cyr. 3.3.7
; αἱ ἐς τὸ φανερὸν λεγόμεναι αἰτίαι
Th. 1.23
: with other Verbs, εἰς τοὺς Ἕλληνας σαυτὸν σοφιστὴν παρέχων
Pl. Prt. 312a
; καλὸν ἐς τοὺς Ἕλληνας τὸ ἀγώνισμα φανεῖσθαι
Th. 7.56
;ἐπαχθὴς <>ν ἐς τοὺς τολλούς
Id. 6.54 ; στρατιὰν ἐπαγγέλλων ἐς τοὺς ξυμμάχους
Id. 7.17
; διαβεβλῆσθαι εἴς τινα
Pl. R. 539c
.
4. elliptical usages,
a. after Verbs which have no sense of motion to or into a place,τὴν πόλιν ἐξέλιπον εἰς χωρίον ὀχυρόνthey quitted the cityfora strong position, i.e. to seek a strong position, X. An. 1.2.24 ;γράμματα ἑάλωσαν εἰς Ἀθήναςletters were captured [and sent]toAthens, Id. HG 1.1.23 , cf. Pl. R. 468a ; ἀνίστασθαι ἐς Ἄργος
E. Heracl. 59
, cf. Pl. Phd. 116a .
b. participles signifying motion are freq. omitted withεἰς, τοῖς στρατηγοῖς τοῖς εἰς Σικελίαν(sc.ἀποδειχθεῖσιν) And. 1.11 , etc.
c. c. gen., mostly of proper names, asεἰς Ἀί̈δαο, Att.
;ἐς ἐμέ up tomy time, Hdt. 1.92 , al.: with Advbs.,εἰς ὅτε(cf.ἔς τε)againstthe time when . . , Od. 2.99 ;εἰς πότε;untilwhen ? how long ? S. Aj. 1185 (lyr., cf. εἰσόκἐ; εἰς ὁπότε
III. to express MEASURE OR LIMIT, without reference to Time,ἐς δίσκουρα λέλειπτοwas left behindas far asa quoit's throw, Il. 23.523 ;ἐς δραχμὴν διέδωκεpaid themas much asa drachma, Th. 8.29 ; ἱματισμὸν ζητῆσαι εἰς δύο τάλαντα
