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πνεῦμα,ατος,τό, (πνέω)
A. blast, wind,first in Anaximen. 2 ,ὅλον τὸν κόσμον π. καὶ ἀὴρ περιέχει: freq. in Trag., etc., ἀνέμων πνεύματα πάντων
A. Pr. 1086
(anap.), cf. 1047 (anap.); θαλάσσας . . πνεύματι λάβρῳ
Id. Pers. 110
(lyr.); πνευμάτων ἐπομβρίᾳ
Id. Fr. 300.3
; τέως δὲ κούφοις πνεύμασιν βόσκου
S. Aj. 558
; πνεύμασιν θαλασσίοις ἐξωσθέντες
E. Cyc. 278
(butπνοήis commoner in Poets; Hom. usesπνοιή) ; πνεύματα ἀνέμων
Hdt. 7.16
. ά; τὸ π. κατῄει
Th. 2.84
;κατὰ πρύμναν ἵσταται τὸ π.ib. 97 ; τὸ π. λεῖον καὶ καθεστηκὸς λαβεῖν
Close Browse lexicon entries ;κατὰ πνεῦμα στῆναι τοῦ ἄρρενοςtoleewardof him, Arist. HA 560b14 ; butκατὰ π. προσιόντεςdownwind,ib. 535a19 ;πνεύματος ἀνείλησις, ἐκπύρωσις,
Epicur. Ep. 2pp.44,45 U.; as an element,air,
Corp.Herm. 1.9 , 16 ; τὸ π. τὸ περὶ τὴν ψυχήν
2. metaph.,θαλερωτέρῳ π.with more genialbreezeorinfluence,
A. Th. 708 (lyr.); λύσσης π. μάργῳ
(anap.);αἰδοίῳ π. χώραςwithairorspiritof respect on the part of the country, Id. Supp. 29 (anap.);π. ταὐτὸν οὔποτ' . . ἐν ἀνδράσιν φίλοις βέβηκεν the windis constantly changing even among friends, S. OC 612 ; π. συμφορᾶς
; ὅταν θεοῦ σοι π. μεταβαλὸν τύχῃ
II. breathed air, breath,
σάλπιγξ βροτείου πνεύματος πληρουμένη
E. Ba. 128 (lyr.), Ph. 787 (lyr., pl.);π. ἀπέρρηξεν βίου the breathof life, A. Pers. 507 ; π. ἀπώλεσεν
(lyr.);π. ἄθροισονcollectbreath,
E. Ph. 851 ;π. ἀφεῖναι, ἀνεῖναι, μεθεῖναι,to give upthe ghost,
Id. Hec. 571 , Or. 277 , Tr. 785 (anap.); π. δειμαίνων λιπεῖν
;πνεύματος διαρροαίthe wind-pipe, E. Hec. 567 ; τὰς τοῦ π. διεξόδους ἀποφράττον
(v.πνεύμων) ; πνεύματος ῥώμη
: prov., ἄνθρωπός ἐστι π. καὶ σκιὰ μόνον
2. breathing, respiration,freq. in Hp. ,π. πυκνόν, ἀραιόν, ἐκτεῖνον, κατεπεῖγον,
Epid. 2.3.7 ; π. πυκνότερον
;π. προσκόπτονchecked, difficultbreathing, Aph.
4.68 ;π. ἄσημονindistinct, feeblebreathing, Epid.
;π. μετέωρονshallowbreathing, Epid.
2.3.1 ;τὸ π. ἔχειν ἄνωto be out ofbreath,
Men. 23 , cf. Sosicr. 1 ;τὸ π. ἀνήνεγκανrecovered theirbreath,
Hp. Prorrh. 2.12 (so without τὸ π.
); butἀναφέρουσιν . . κλαίοντά τε καὶ ἐς τὰς ῥῖνας ἀνέλκοντα τὸ π.theysob . . ,
b. pl., of the air imagined as filling the veins,πνευμάτων ἀπολήψιες ἀνὰ φλέβαςId.Acut.(Sp.)
3. flatulence,in pl., Eub. 107.9 , Arist. Pr. 948b25 , Dsc. 2.112 , D.L. 6.94 .
, 7.15 , cf. Plu. Per. 13 ,etc.;π. ἔχεινretainlife,
Plb. 31.10.4 ;living being,
ἐγὼ Νίνος πάλαι ποτ' ἐγενόμην π.
;οὐ π. πάντα βρότεια σοὶ(sc.Πλούτωνι) νέμεται;
5. that which is breathed forthorexhaled, odour,
;π. βαρὺ ἀφιεῖσα,of a tree, Plu. 2.647b .
6. Gramm.,breathing with which a vowel is pronounced,ib. 1009e (pl.), A.D. Adv. 147.18 ;π. δασύ, ψιλόν,
Id. Pron. 78.6 , Adv. 148.9 .
ἄγρια . . πνεύματα θευφορίης
( Diosc. ); εἰ μή τι θεῖον . . ἐνῆν π. τῇ ψυχῇ
; τὸ ἱερὸν καὶ δαιμόνιον ἐν μούσαις π.
; καθαρὸν δίκαιον . . π. θεοῦ σωτῆρος
IV. thespiritof God, π. θεοῦ
2. spiritof man, εἴτ' ἐστὶ τοῦτο π. θεῖον εἴτε νοῦς
1 Ep.Thess. 5.23 , cf. Ep.Rom. 8.2 ;τῷ π.,opp.τῷ σώματι,
1 Ep.Cor. 5.3 ; also, opp.γράμμα,
V. spiritualorimmaterial being, angel,
Ep.Hebr. 1.14 , Apoc. 1.4 ;τὰ ἄχραντα π., τὰ κακὰ π.,
Iamb. Myst. 3.31 ;π. πονηρόν, ψευδές,
LXX Jd. 9.23 , 3 Ki. 22.21 , cf. Act.Ap. 19.12 , 15 , Apoc. 16.14 , Porph. ap. Eus. PE 4.23 , etc.;ἀλάλου καὶ κακοῦ π. οὖσα πλήρης(sc.ἡ Πυθία) Plu. 2.438b .
VI. Rhet.,sentence declaimed in one breath,
Hermog. Inv. 3.10 , 4.4 ,al.
References Anaximen. 2 A. Pr. 1086 1047 Id. Pers. 110 Id. Fr. 300.3 S. Aj. 558 E. Cyc. 278 Hom. Hdt. 7.16 Th. 2.84 97 Ar. Ra. 1003 Id. Eq. 441 X. HG 6.2.27 Arist. HA 560b14 535a19 Epicur. Ep. 2pp.44,45 Corp.Herm. 1.9 16 Plot. 2.2.2 Porph. Sent. 29 A. Th. 708 Id. Pr. 884 Id. Supp. 29 S. OC 612 E. IT 1317 Id. HF 216 A. Eu. 568 E. Ba. 128 Ph. 787 A. Pers. 507 Id. Th. 984 E. Ph. 851 Id. Hec. 571 Or. 277 Tr. 785 Id. Supp. 554 Th. 2.49 E. Hec. 567 Pl. Ti. 91c Plu. 2.804b S. Fr. 13 Hp. Epid. 2.3.7 Acut. 16 4.68 6.7.8 Coac. 622 2.3.1 Men. 23 Sosicr. 1 Hp. Prorrh. 2.12 Aph. 2.43 Id. Hebd. 51 7 Eub. 107.9 Arist. Pr. 948b25 Dsc. 2.112 D.L. 6.94 LXX Ge. 6.17 7.15 Plu. Per. 13 Plb. 31.10.4 Phoen. 1.16 IG 14.769 E. Hipp. 1391 Plu. 2.647b 1009e A.D. Adv. 147.18 Id. Pron. 78.6 Adv. 148.9 AP 6.220.4 Diosc. Pl. Ax. 370c Plu. 2.605a BMus.Inscr. 1062 LXX Ge. 1.2 Ev.Marc. 3.29 Men. 482.3 1 Ep.Thess. 5.23 Ep.Rom. 8.2 1 Ep.Cor. 5.3 Ep.Rom. 2.29 Ep.Hebr. 1.14 Apoc. 1.4 Iamb. Myst. 3.31 LXX Jd. 9.23 3 Ki. 22.21 Act.Ap. 19.12 15 Apoc. 16.14 Porph. Eus. PE 4.23 Plu. 2.438b Hermog. Inv. 3.10 4.4 Liddell–Scott–Jones — CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0
Liddell-Scott-Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1940), public domain text. Unicode conversion by Giuseppe G. A. Celano, gcelano/LSJ_GreekUnicode, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0. Source via Perseus Project, Tufts University.
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