πτῶσις,εως,ἡ, (πίπτω, πέ-πτωκα)
A. falling, fall, κύβων
Pl. R. 604c
, cf. Chrysipp.Stoic. 2.282 (pl.); κεραυνῶν
Arist. Mete. 339a3
, Plu. 2.1005b (pl.); Φαέθοντος
Plb. 2.16.13
: metaph.,π. τῆς ψυχῆς, opp.ἔπαρσις, Zeno Stoic. 1.51 (pl.): abs.,calamity, ἐν καιρῷ πτώσεως
LXX Si. 3.31
, cf. Ex. 30.12 ; πτώσεις ἀνθρώπων
Orph. Fr. 251
, al.;death, Lyd. Ost. 12 , 14 , 20 .
II. Gramm.,modeormodificationof a word, Arist. Po. 1457a18 , al.; applied to cases, including nom., ib. 20 , Int. 16b1 : to genders, Id. SE 173b27 : to Sup. of Adjs., Id. Top. 136b30 : to Advbs., ib. 15 , Rh. 1397a20 : to Adjs. derived fr. nouns, e.g.χαλκοῦς, ib. 1410a32 : to tenses (exc. thepres.), Id. Int. 16b17 : so by the Stoics to variety of flexion, Stoic. 3.263 , but most freq. to cases of the Noun,περὶ τῶν πέντε π., title of work by Chrysipp., cf. D.T. 634.16 , etc.;κατὰ μίαν πτῶσιν indeclinable, A.D. Adv. 165.10 .