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δίκαιος [ῐ], α, ον,
also ος, ον [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 901 (Lyric poetry), “IT” 1202, 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 5.72 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: (δίκη):
__A in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] and all writers, of persons, observant of custom or rule, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.52 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; especially of social rule, well-ordered, civilized, ὑβρισταί τε καὶ ἄγριοι οὐδὲ δ. [[ 9.175, compare 8.575; [Γαλακτοφάγοι] δικαιότατοι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.6; [Χείρων] δικαιότατος Κενταύρων 11.832, compare 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 314, 794 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; δ. πολίτης a good citizen, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 3.21, etc.] Refs 4th c.BC+]: metaphorically of the sea, [[ 6th c.BC: Solon Lyricus 12.2 (_superlative_)] Refs 6th c.BC+]; δικαίη ζόη a civilized way of living, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.177. ] Refs 5th c.BC+] adverb δικαίως, μνᾶσθαι woo in due form, decently, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.90; ὑπὸ ζυγῷ λόφον δ. εἶχον ] Refs 8th c.BC+]loyally, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 292. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.2 observant of duty to gods and men, righteous, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.209, etc.; δ. πρὸς πᾶσαν ὁμιλίην 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἰητροῦ” 2; ἰθὺς καὶ δ. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.96 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; opposed to δυσσεβής, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 598, compare 610; δ. καὶ ὅσιος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 507b; δικαίων ἀδίκους φρένας παρασπᾷς 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 791 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also of actions, etc., righteous, ἐπὶ ῥηθέντι δικαίῳ a thing rightly said, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.414, etc. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__A.3 ὁ δίκαιος, euphemistic of a sacred snake, [[ “GDI” 5056 (from Crete). ] Refs]
__B.I equal, even, well-balanced, ἅρμα δίκαιον evengoing chariot, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.2.26: so _metaphorically_, νωμᾷ δικαίῳ πηδαλίῳ στρατόν 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 1.86; δικαιόταται ἀντιρροπαί 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἄρθρων ἐμβολῆς” 7 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δικαιότατα μοχλεύειν [[[prev. passage]: hence, ] Refs]fair, impartial, βάσανος [[ 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 1.8; συγγραφεύς 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Hist.Conscr.” 39. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.I.b legally exact, precise, τῷ δικαιοτάτῳ τῶν λόγων to speak quite exactly, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.108, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.44 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; of Numbers, αἱ ἑκατὸν ὀργυιαὶ δίκαιαι [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.149 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]. adverb -αίως, πάντα δ. ὑμῖν τετήρηται [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.3; δ. ἐξετάζειν [prev. work]154. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__B.I.2 lawful, just, especially τὸ δ. right, opposed to τὸ ἄδικον, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.96, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 189 (Lyric poetry), etc.; τὸ δ. τὸ νόμιμον καὶ τὸ ἴσον 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1129a34; δ. διορθωτικόν, διανεμητικόν, [prev. work] 1131b25, 27 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ πολιτικὸν δ.[[ [prev. work] 1134b18; ἔστι ἐπιεικὲς τὸ παρὰ τὸν γεγραμμένον νόμον δ. [prev. author] “Rh.” 1374a27, compare “EN” 1137b12; καὶ δίκαια κἄδικα 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 99; τὰ ἴσα καὶ τὰ δ. 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.67 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοὐμὸν δ. my own right, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 810 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐλθεῖν ἐπὶ τοῦτο τὸ δ. bring the case to this issue, [[ 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 6.24 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐδὲν τῶν δ. ποιεῖν τινί not to do what is just and right by a man, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 5.3.10 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ δ. ἔχειν, λαμβάνειν, receive one's due, [[ [prev. author] “An.” 7.7.14, 17 ] Refs]; τὰ δ. πράττεσθαι πόλιν give a city its deserts, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 812 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἐκ τοῦ δικαίου, ={δικαίως}, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 1435, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.89 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; so ἀπὸ τοῦ δικαίου, τῶν δικαίων, [[ “Inscription Prien.” 50.8 (2nd c.BC), 123.8 (1st c.BC)] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; μετὰ τοῦ δ. [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 2.12, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.177 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ δίκαιον lawful claim, ἃ ἔχομεν δίκαια πρός.. [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.54, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.179, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Lucullus” 3, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ πρὸς ἀλλήλους δ. mutual obligations or contracts, [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.21.10 ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; ἐπὶ συγκειμένοις τισὶ δικαίοις on certain agreed terms, [[ 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 3.51 ] Refs 1st c.BC+]. adverb -αίως rightly, justly, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.137; μεῖζον ἢ δ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 376 (Lyric poetry); καὶ δ. καὶ ἀδίκως 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.135. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.II of persons and things, meet and right, fitting, δ. τοῦδε τοῦ φόνου ῥαφεύς [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1604; κόσμος οὐ φέρειν δ. [prev. author] “Eu.” 55 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἵππον δ. ποιεῖσθαί τινι make a horse fit for another's use, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 4.4.5, compare “Cyn.” 7.4 (ἵππος δ. τὴν σιαγόνα] Refs 5th c.BC+] having a good mouth, [[ 2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 1.196). ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__B.II.b normal, σχήματα [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἄρθρων ἐμβολῆς” 69; φύσις [prev. author] “Fract.” 1 (_superlative_). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.II.2 real, genuine, γόνος [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” [1119]; ποιῶν τὰ ἐν τῇ τέχνῃ δ. “Supp.epigram” 2.184.7 (Tanagra, 2nd c.BC). ] Refs 5th c.BC+] adverb, εἴπερ δικαίως ἐστ᾽ ἐμός really and truly mine, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 547, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Cratylus” 418e. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.II.3 ὁ δ. λόγος the plea of equity, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.76 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]. adverb -αίως with reason, [[ [prev. author] 6.34, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 675 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: comparative -ότερον[[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 1149, etc.;] Refs 5th c.BC+] also -οτέρως [[5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 15.170 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: superlative -ότατα[[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 1222 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Aeolic dialect δικαίτατα [[ “IG” 12(2).526c17 (from Eresus). ] Refs]
__B.III ψυχὴ ἐς τὸ δ. ἔβη 'the land of the leal', [[ “IG” 7.2543.3 (from Thebes). ] Refs]
__C in Prose, δίκαιός εἰμι, with infinitive, δίκαιοί ἐστε ἰέναι you are bound to come, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.60, compare 8.137; δ. εἰμεν ἔχειν [prev. author] 9.27 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. εἰμι κολάζειν I have a right to punish, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 1434, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 400; δ. ἐστι περιπεσεῖν κακοῖς 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 3.3.7 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. εἰσι ἀπιστότατοι εἶναι they have most reason to distrust, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.17; δ. βλάπτεσθαι 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 20.12; δ. ἐστιν ἀπολωλέναι ] Refs 5th c.BC+]dignus est qui pereat, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 6.37 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὁ σπουδαῖος ἄρχειν δ. has a right to.., [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1287b12 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; with a non-personal subject, ἔλεος δ. ἀντιδίδοσθαι [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.40 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: less frequently in comparative and superlative, δικαιότεροι χαρίσασθαι [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 20.34; δικαιότατος εἶ ἀπαγγέλλειν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 172b ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; but δίκαιόν ἐστι is also found, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.39, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 611, etc.: _plural_, δίκαια γὰρ τόνδ᾽ εὐτυχεῖν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1126, compare “Tr.” 495, 1116 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δικαίως ἄν, with optative, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 276a. [δικαίων] Refs 5th c.BC+] with penultimate short in [[ 5th-6th c.AD: Orphica “Fragmenta” 247.2 ] Refs 5th c.AD+]; compare οὐ δίκαον· οὐ δίκαιον, [[ 5th c.AD(?): Hesychius Legal icographus] ] Refs 5th c.AD+]
