Skip to main contentἐπιβαίνω — STEP Liddell–Scott–Jones | Berean InstitutesSTEP Liddell–Scott–Jones: ἐπιβαίνω
ἐπιβαίνω,
rarely ἐπηχ-βάω, imperative [[ ἐπίβᾱ 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 847 ] Refs 6th c.BC+], Doric dialect infinitive ἐπιβῆν (belowIV): future -βήσομαι: perfect -βέβηκα: aorist 2 ἐπέβην: aorist 1 middle ἐπεβησάμην (of which Hom.always uses the Epic dialect form ἐπεβήσετο, imperative [[ ἐπιβήσεο 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.105, +others; later ἐπεβήσατο 3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 3.869, _Doric dialect_ -βάσατο 3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Lavacrum Palladis” 65). ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__A. in these tenses, intransitive, go upon:
__I. with genitive, set foot on, tread, walk upon, γαίης, ἠπείρου, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.83, “Hymnus in Cererem” 127; πόληος, πατρίδος αἴης, Τροίης, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.396, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.521, 14.229; ἀδύτων ἐπιβάς 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 1034 ] Refs 8th c.BC+] (Lyric poetry); ἐ. τῶν οὔρων set foot on the confines, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.125, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.103, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Lg.” 778e; τῆς Λακωνικῆς ἐπὶ πολέμῳ Xenophon Historicus [{5-6th c.BC}] “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.4.6 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; πυρῆς ἐπιβάντ᾽ ἀλεγεινῆς, of a corpse, placed upon.. , [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.99; πλατείᾳ τῇ ῥινὶ ἐ. τοῦ χείλους Philostratus Sophista [{2-3rd c.AD}] “Philostrati majoris imagines” 2.18; also ἐ. ἐπί τινος 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.107 ] Refs 8th c.BC+].
__I.2. get upon, mount on, [[ πύργων 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.165 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; νεῶν [[[prev. work] 512; ἵππων 5.328, 10.513; δίφρου 23.379; εὐνῆς 9.133; τοῦ τείχεος 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.70 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; λέκτρων ἐ. [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supp.” 39; also ἐ. ἐπὶ νεός 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.118: frequently in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus] Refs 8th c.BC+], in aorist middle, [[ ἐπεβήσετ᾽ ἀπήνης 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.78 ] Refs 8th c.BC+], +others
__I.2.b. Architecture texts, to be superposed, [[ τὰ ἐπιβαίνοντα πάντα ἐπὶ τοὺς κρατευτάς “IG” 7.3073.104 ] Refs], compare 111 (Lebad.).
__I.3. of Time, arrive at, [[ τετταράκοντα ἐ. ἐτῶν Plato Philosophus [{5-6th c.BC}] “Leges” 666b ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; δεκάτω (i.e. ἔτεος) ἐ. [[ 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 26.29; δωδεκάτου ἐπιβάς “IG” 14.1728; τῆς μειρακίων ἡλικίας 2nd c.AD: Herodianus Grammaticus 1.3.1 ] Refs 3rd c.BC+].
__I.4. metaphorically, ἀναιδείης ἐπέβησαν have trodden the path of shamelessness, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.424; ἐϋφροσύνης ἐπιβῆτον] Refs 8th c.BC+] enter into joy, [[ 23.52; τέχνης ἐπιβήσομαι,-βήμεναι, “Hymnus ad Mamercus Elegiacus” 166, 465; ὁσίης [prev. work] 173; εὐσεβίας 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 189 ] Refs 5th c.BC+] (Lyric poetry); ἐ. δόξης entertain an expectation, [[ [prev\. author] “Ph.” 1463 (_anapaest meter_); ἐ. σοφίας] Refs] undertake it, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Epin.” 981a; λόγου 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Astr.” 8 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐ. τῆς ἀφορμῆς, τῆς προφάσεως, seize upon it, [[ 2nd c.AD: Appianus Historicus “Syr.” 2, “Sam.” 11 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+], etc.; preside over, τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης [[ ψυχῆς 4th c.AD: Iamblichus Philosophus “de Mysteriis” 9.8 ] Refs 4th c.AD+], +others
__II. with dative, get upon, board, [[ ναυσί 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.70 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; land on, [[ ἐ. τῇ Σικελίᾳ 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 16.66 ] Refs 1st c.BC+]: metaphorically, [[ ἐ. ἀνορέαις 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 3.20 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also, make forcible entry into, τινός οἰκίαις, γῇ, [[ “PHamb.” 10.6 (2nd c.AD), “PAmh.” 2.142.7 (4th c.AD). ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__II.b. with a preposition, ἐπὶ πύργῳ ἄλλος πύργος [[ ἐπιβέβηκε 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.181 ] Refs 5th c.BC+].
__II.2. with dative person, set upon, assault, [[ τινί Xenophon Historicus [{5-6th c.BC}] “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.2.26, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Cim.” 15 ] Refs 6th c.BC+], etc.; simply, approach, uncertain in [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “fragment” 88.2. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.3. trample on, [[ λὰξ ἐπίβα δήμῳ 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 847 ] Refs 6th c.BC+].
__III. with accusative loci, light upon, in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus] Refs 8th c.BC+] twice of gods lighting upon earth after their descent from Olympus, Πιερίην ἐπιβᾶσα, ἐπιβάς, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.226, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.50; so πολλῶν ἐ. καιρόν] Refs 8th c.BC+] light on the fit time, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 1.18 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; then simply, go on to a place, enter it, [[ γῆν καὶ ἔθνος 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.50; λειμῶν᾽ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 144 ] Refs 5th c.BC+] (anapaest meter): with preposition, ἐ. ἐπὶ χώραν Decrees Amphict. cited in [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.154; εἰς Βοιωτίαν 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 14. 84. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__III.2. rarely with accusative person, attack, only poetry, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Aj.” 138 (_anapaest meter_): _metaphorically_, of passion or suffering, [prev\. author] “El.” 492 (Lyric poetry), “Ph.” 194 (_anapaest meter_). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.3. mount, [[ νῶθ᾽ ἵππων ἐπιβάντες {8-7th c.BC}: Hesiodus Epicus “Scutum Herculis” 286 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: more frequently with preposition, ἐπὶ [[ τὸν ἵππον 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.22; ἐπὶνέα [prev\. author] 8.120, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.111; but ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ θῆλυ] Refs 5th c.BC+], of made quadrupeds, cover a female, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “HA” 539b26; so _absolutely_, [prev. work] 574a20, +others: with _dative_, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Asin.” 27: with _genitive_, 4th c.AD(?): Horapollo 1.46, 2.78. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__III.4. ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ σκέλος use, put one's weight on, a broken leg, [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Fract.” 18. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.5. with accusative of the Instr. of Motion (compare [[ βαίνω Aeschylus Tragicus [{4-5th c.BC}] 11.4), ἐπιβῆναι τῷ ἀριστερῷ ἐκείνης τὸν ἐμὸν δεξιόν 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DMeretr.” 4.5, compare “Tox.” 48. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__IV. absolutely, get a footing, stand on one's feet, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.666, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.434; μἠπιβῆν] Refs 8th c.BC+] it is forbidden to set foot here, [[“IG” 12(3).1381 (from Thera). ] Refs]
__IV.2. step onwards, advance, [[ Τρώων δὲ πόλις ἐπὶ πᾶσα βέβηκε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.69, compare 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Op.” 679, _falsa lectio_ in 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 10.43; ἐπίβαινε πόρσω 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 179 ] Refs 8th c.BC+] (assuming variant, Lyric poetry): me taph., advance in one's demands, [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.68.8. ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
__IV.3. mount on a chariot or on horseback, be mounted, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.84 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; go or be on board ship, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.387, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Aj.” 358 (Lyric poetry), 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.90, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.90, etc. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__B. Causal in future -βήσω [[2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DMort.” 6.4 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+], Epic dialect infinitive -βησέμεν [[8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.197, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Th.” 396 ] Refs 8th c.BC+], but usually in aorist 1 active (ἐπιβιβάζω, ἐπιβάσκω serve as present):—make one mount, set him upon, [[ ὅν ῥα τόθ᾽ ἵππων.. ἐπέβησε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.129; πολλοὺς δὲ πυρῆς ἐπέβησ᾽ ἀλεγεινῆς 9.546 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὥς κ᾽ ἐμὲ.. ἐμῆς [[ ἐπιβήσετε πάτρης 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.223; ἐ. τινὰς σκάφεσιν 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “Bellum Judaicum” 4.7.6 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; πλοίων [[[prev. work] 11.5, cf. Luc.[same place]; ὁπλίτας ὁλκάσιν 2nd c.AD: Appianus Historicus “Bella Civilia” 5.92 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; τινὰς ἐπὶ τὰς ναῦς [[[prev. work] 2.59 ] Refs]: also in aorist 1 middle, [[ νιν ἑῶ ἐπεβάσατο δίφρω 3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Lavacrum Palladis” 65 ] Refs 3rd c.BC+].
__B.b. of things, νευρὰν ἐπέβασε κορώνας set the string on his bow's tip, [[ 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 5.73. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.2. metaphorically (compare[[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 1.4), ἐϋκλεΐης ἐπίβησον] Refs 4th c.BC+] bring to great glory, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.285; τιμῆς καὶ γεράων {8-7th c.BC}: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 396 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; χαλιφρονέοντα σαοφροσύνης ἐπέβησαν they bring him to sobriety, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.13; λιγυρῆς ἐπέβησαν ἀοιδῆς {8-7th c.BC}: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 659 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; δουλοσύνας (probably) [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hyps.fragment” 41(64).86; εἴ σε τύχη.. ἡλικίας ἐπέβησεν] Refs 5th c.BC+] had brought thee to full age, [[“IG” 2.2263. ] Refs]
__B.3. [ἠὼς] πολέας ἐπέβησε κελεύθου dawn sets them on their way, [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Op.” 580. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
