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ἐργάζομαι,
[[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.469 ] Refs 8th c.BC+], etc., Cretan dialect ϝεργάδδομαι [[“Schwyzer” 181v5 ] Refs]: future -άσομαι [[6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 1116 ] Refs 6th c.BC+], etc., Doric dialect [[ ἐργαξοῦμαι 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 10.23, ἐργῶμαι “PCair.Zen.” 107.4 (3rd c.BC), LXX.Gen.29.27, +others, “IG” 7.3073.12 (Lebad., 2nd c.BC) (but 5th c.AD(?): Hesychius Legal icographus ἐργᾷ· ἐργάζει)] LXX+3rd c.BC+]: aorist εἰργασάμην, Ionic dialect [[ ἐργ- 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.115, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Th.” 845 (Lyric poetry), etc., 3rd._person_ etc for 1st._person_, 2nd._person_ _plural_ _optative_ ἐργασαίατο Aristophanes Comicus [{5-6th c.BC}] “Aves” 1147, “Lys.” 42; _Doric dialect_ ἠργάξαντο “SIG” 248 M (Delph., 4th c.BC)] Refs 6th c.BC+]: perfect εἴργασμαι, Ionic dialect[[ ἔργ- 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.121.έ, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “fragment” 311, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+] —These tenses are used both in middle and passive significations: for other passive tenses, see below[[ 111:— _Attic dialect_ Inscrr. of 4th C have ἠργαζόμην, ἠργασάμην, (ἐξ-) “IG” 22.1585.11, 1669.10, +others, but εἴργασμαι [prev. work]1666 A 27; so also ἠργάσατο [prev. work]7.424 (Oropus, 4th c.BC), εἰργασμένος [prev. work]3073.51 (Lebad., 2nd c.BC), ἐξήργασατο “UPZ” 19.8 (2nd c.BC), εἴργασμαι “PCair.Zen.” 146.3 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; but this rule is often broken in later Papyrus, Inscrr., and codices:—work, labour, especially of husbandry, [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Op.” 299, 309, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.72, etc.; but also of all manual labour, of slaves, ἐ. ἀνάγκῃ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.272 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; of quarrymen, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.124, etc.; τὴν οὐσίαν οὐ δικαζόμενον ἀλλ᾽ ἐργαζόμενον κεκτημένον 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 2.2.12 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐ. ἐν τοῖς ἔργοις in the mines, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 42.31: with _dative_ _instrumental_, χαλκῷ with brass, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Op.” 151; also of animals, βοῦς ἐργάτης ἐργάζεται 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “fragment” 563 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; of birds working to get food, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “HA” 616b35 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; of bees, [[[prev. work] 625b22 ] Refs]; of Hephaestus' self-acting bellows, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.469; τὸ χρῆμ᾽ ἐργάζεται] Refs 8th c.BC+] the matter works, i.e. goes on, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ec.” 148 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ ἀὴρ ἐργάζεται produces an effect [[ Theophrastus Philosophus [{4-3rd c.BC}] “de Causis Plantarum” 5.12.7 ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; οὐχ ὁμοίως ἐργάσεται τὸ θερμόν [[[prev. work] 6.18.11. ] Refs]
__II transitive, work at, make, ἔργα κλυτά, of Athena, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.72, compare 22.422; ἀγάλματα, ὕμνους, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 5.1, “I.” 2.46; τρίποδα, Νίκην, “SIG” 34 (Delph., 5th c.BC); ἁμαξίδας Aristophanes Comicus [{5-6th c.BC}] “Nubes” 880; οἰκοδόμημα 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.76 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; εἰκόνας, ἀνδριάντας, καλὰ ἔργα, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Cra.” 431c, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Mem.” 2.6.6, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Men.” 91d; κηρόν, σχαδόνας, of bees, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “HA” 627a6, 30; μέλι 2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus “Vit. Hippocr.” 11 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; make so and so, [[ ξηρὸν ἐ. τινά 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DMar.” 11.2; μέγαν Aelianus [{2-3rd c.AD}] “Varia Historia” 3.1 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+].
__II.2 do, perform, [[ ἔργα ἀεικέα 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.733 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἔργον ἐπ᾽ ἔργῳ ἐ., of husbandmen, [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Op.” 382, compare 397; ἐργασίας ἐ. 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1121b33, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oec.” 7.20; ἐναίσιμα, φίλα ἐ., 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.321, 24.210; θαυμαστά Plato Philosophus [{5-6th c.BC}] “Symposium” 213d; περὶ θεοὺς ἄδικον μηδέν [prev\. author] “Grg.” 522d ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐ. πρᾶγμα, opposed to βουλεύειν, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ant.” 267, compare “OT” 347; τὸ ἔργον Κυρίου NT.1Cor.16.10 ] NT+5th c.BC+]: with double accusative, do something to.., [[ τά περ νῦν ἐ. [ὁ ἥλιος] τὸν Νεῖλον 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.26 ] Refs 5th c.BC+], etc.; chiefly in bad sense, do one ill, do one a shrewd turn, [[ κακὰ ἐργάζεσθαί τινα 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 786, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.137, etc.; so οἷά μ᾽ εἰργάσω, τί μ᾽ ἐργάσε; 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ph.” 928, 1172 (Lyric poetry), etc.; μὴ δῆτα τοῦτό μ᾽ ἐργάσῃ [prev\. author] “El.” 1206; αἴσχιστα ἐ. τινά Aristophanes Comicus [{5-6th c.BC}] “Vespae” 787 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; less frequently, [[ ἀγαθὰ ἐ. τινά 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.79, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.52, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Cri.” 53a; πολλὰ καὶ καλὰ τὴν Ἑλλάδα [prev\. author] “Phdr.” 244b ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; seldom [[ τινί τι Aristophanes Comicus [{5-6th c.BC}] “Vespae” 1350; οἷν ἐμοὶ δυοῖν ἔργ᾽ ἐστὶ κρείσσον᾽ ἀγχόνης εἰργασμένα 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1374 ] Refs 6th c.BC+].
__II.2.b perform rites, [[ τὰ ἱερὰ ἐ. “1st Epistle to the Corinthians” 9.13 ] Refs].
__II.2.c in Law, ζημίαν ἐ. do damage, [[ 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 6.20, compare 4th c.BC: Hyperides Orator “Ath.” 22. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II.3 work a material, [[ ὅπλα..οἷσίν τε χρυσὸν ἐργάζετο 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.435 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐ. γῆν till the land, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.17, etc.; ἐ. [ἀγροὺς] ἐργάταις Xenophon Historicus [{5-6th c.BC}] “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.6.11; γῆν καὶ ξύλα καὶ λίθους [prev\. author] “HG” 3.3.7 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; [ἀργυρῖτιν] Docum. cited in [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 37.28; ἐ. θάλασσαν, of traders, 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 3.46; γλαυκὴν ἐ., of fishers, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Th.” 440. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__II.4 earn by working, [[ χρήματα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.24, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Eq.” 840, etc.; καινὸν βίον ἐκ τοῦ δικαίου Andocides Orator [{5-6th c.BC}] 1.144, compare 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Op.” 43; ἀργύριον ἀπὸ σοφίας Plato Philosophus [{5-6th c.BC}] “Hp.Ma.” 282d; μισθοῦ τὰ ἐπιτήδεια Xenophon Historicus [{5-6th c.BC}] “Memorabilia” 2.8.2 ] Refs 8th c.BC+].
__II.5 work at, practise, μουσικήν, τέχνας, etc., [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phd.” 60e, “R.” 374a, etc.; ἐπιστήμας Xenophon Historicus [{5-6th c.BC}] “Oeconomicus” 1.7 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἀρετὴν καὶ σωφροσύνην variant in [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 13.6; δικαιοσύνην, ἀνομίαν, NT.Acts.10.35, NT.Matt.7.23. ] NT+5th c.BC+]
__II.6 absolutely, work at a trade or business, traffic, trade, [[ ἐν [γναφείῳ] 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 23.2; ἐν ἐμπορίῳ καὶ χρήμασιν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 36.44; ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ [prev\. author] 57.31 ] Refs 5th c.BC+] (also οἱ τὴν τετράγωνον (i.e. ἀγοράν) ἐργαζόμενοι those who trade in the square, [[“BCH” 8.126 (compare “Glotta” 14.73)); κατὰ θάλατταν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 56.48 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; τούτοις..ναυτικοῖς ἐ. trade with this money on bottomry, [[ [prev\. author] 33.4; δὶς ἢ τρὶς ἐ. τῷ αὐτῷ ἀργυρίῳ [prev\. author] 56.30 ] Refs]; ταῦτα ἐ. thus he trades, [[ [prev\. author] 25.82; οἱ ἐργαζόμενοι _traders,_ [prev\. author] 34.51 ] Refs]; οἱ ἐν Δήλῳ ἐ., = Latin qui Deli negotiantur, [[“CIG” 2285b; especially of courtesans, σώματι ἐ.,] Refs] Latin quaestum corpore facere, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 59.20; ἐπὶ τέγους ἀπὸ τοῦ σώματος 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 12.13.2 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἀπὸ τῆς ὥρας Alexis Sam. cited in [[ 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 13.572f, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Tim.” 14. ] Refs 1st c.AD+]
__II.7 cause, [[ κολακείην 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 268; πημονάς 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 326; πόθον τινί 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 61.11; σύριγγας ἀνιάτους 7th c.AD: Paulus Aegineta Medicus 6.44 ] Refs 5th c.BC+].
__III passive, rarely in present and imperfect, [[ 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 8.87 (ἐξ-), 4th c.BC: Hyperides Orator “Eux.” 35 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]: future [[ ἐργασθήσομαι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 1218, (ἐξ-) 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator “Ep.” 6.8 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: perfect εἴργασμαι (see. below): aorist 1 [[ εἰργάσθην Plato Philosophus [{5-6th c.BC}] “Respublica” 353a, 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “HP” 6.3.2, etc. ] Refs 6th c.BC+]
__III.1 to be made or built, [[ ἔργαστο τὸ τεῖχος 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.179; ἐκ πέτρας εἰργασμένος Aeschylus Tragicus [{4-5th c.BC}] “Prometheus Vinctus” 244; οἰκοδόμημα διὰ ταχέων εἰργ. 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.8 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; λίθοι εἰργ. wrought stones, [[ [prev\. author] 1.93; γῆ εἰργ. Xenophon Historicus [{5-6th c.BC}] “Oeconomicus” 19.8; θώρακας εὖ εἰργ. [prev\. author] “Mem.” 3.10.9 ] Refs 6th c.BC+].
__III.2 to be done, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Ag.” 354, 1346, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hec.” 1085; εἰργασμένα _things done, deeds, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.53 (ἐργ-), 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 1281, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “OT” 1369. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
