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ἐφίστημι,
Ionic dialect ἐπ-:
__A causal in present, imperfect, future, and aorist 1 (also in the later perfect and pluperfect ἐφέστᾰκα, ἐφεστάκειν [ᾰ], see below 11.1, VI. 2):
__A.I set, place upon, τεῖχος τείχει [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.75; τι ἐπί τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Critias” 116a; τι ἐπί τινι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 3.1.7; ὅρους ἐπὶ οἰκίαν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 41.6: _metaphorically_, ἐ. τὴν ἐκεῖ μοῖραν βίῳ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 498c; ἀνάγκην τινί 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 1.16. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.II set over, μ᾽ Ἀπόλλων τῷδ᾽ ἐπέστησεν τέλει [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1202; φύλακ᾽ ἐπέστησεν βοτ [prev. author] “Supp.” 303; ἐ. τινὰ ὕπαρχόν τισι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.27; τινὰ παιδαγωγόν τινι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus Alcaeus1.122b, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Respublica Lacedaemoniorum” 2.1; τινὰ πεντηκοντόρῳ [prev. author] “An.” 5.1.15; τινὰ τοῖς πράγμασι 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 2.27; τὸν νόμον 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1292b28; ἐπὶ [συμμάχων] τινά 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.65.9; ἐφεστάκει τινὰς πρὸς χρείαν [prev. author] 10.20.5; κύνα ἐπὶ ποίμνην 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 26.22; τινὰ ἐπὶ τὰς εὐθύνας [prev. author] 18.112 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: with infinitive, βουλὴν ἐπιμελεῖσθαι τῆς εὐκοσμίας [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 7.37 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, to be appointed, instituted, [[ PTeb. 61 (b).358 (2nd c.BC), etc. ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
Close Browse lexicon entries __A.II.2 bring in, ἡ τύχη ἐπιστήσασα Ῥωμαίους [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 15.20.6 ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; Φίλιππον ἐ. τοῖς πράγμασι to let him have a hand in the business, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 19.34. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__A.II.3 bring in, cause, occasion, κατάπληξίν τισι [[ 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 14.62 ] Refs 1st c.BC+]; κίνδυνον, ἀγῶνά τινι, [[ 2nd c.AD: Appianus Historicus “Ἀννιβαϊκή” 55, “Syr.” 10; ἡ τύχη λοιμικὴν διάθεσιν ἐπέστησε Γαλάταις 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.20.7. ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
__A.III set up, establish, ἀγῶνα [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.167, 6.38 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: with accusative et infinitive, ordain, prescribe, ὁ νόμος ἐφίστησι τὰ λοιπὰ κρίνειν τοὺς ἄρχοντας [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1287a26 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἐπιστήσατε quid facere debeamus, [[ 1st c.AD: Plinius Rerum Naturalium Scriptor “Ep.” 6.31.12. ] Refs 1st c.AD+]
__A.IV set by or near to, ἐπιστήσαντες κύκλῳ τὸ σῆμα ἱππέας [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.72 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; especially place in rear, of troops, τὴν φάλαγγα τούτοις κατόπιν ἐ. [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.33.6, compare 1.26. 14. ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
__A.V stop, cause to halt, ἐπιστῆσαι τὸ στράτευμα [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.2.18 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὴν ὁδόν, τὴν πορείαν, [[ 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 17.112, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Cimon” 1; τοὺς ἱππέας τοῦ πρόσω 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Anabasis” 5.16.1 ] Refs 1st c.BC+]; ἐ. τὴν ὁρμήν check it, [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 16.34.2 ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; τὴν διήγησιν interrupt it, [[ [prev. author] 7.11.1 ] Refs]; check, ἔμμηνα [[ 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 1.125, compare “POxy.” 1088.20 (1st c.AD): _absolutely_, ἐπιστήσας (i.e. ἑαυτόν)] Refs 1st c.AD+] having halted, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.8.15 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, to be checked, stopped, [[ PPetr. 2p.62 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ἐὰν ἐφίστηται ἡ κοιλία [[ 2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus 1.122. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__A.VI ἐφίστημι τὴν διάνοιαν κατά τι, περί τινος, fix one's mind upon it, attend to it, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 9.69, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 987b3, 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Char.Prooem.”, etc.; τὴν σκέψιν περί τινος 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 1090a2; τὸν λόγον [prev. author] “Juv.” 470b5; τὸν νοῦν τινι 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 12.1; αὑτὸν ἐπιστήσας ἐπί τι 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Topica” 135a26: ἐπιστῆσαι] Refs 5th c.BC+] absolutely, give attention, τούτοις ἐπιστήσαντες [[ [prev. author] “Mu.” 391a26; περί τινος [prev. author] “GC” 315b18; περί τι [prev. author] “HA” 487a13; ἐπί τι 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.65.5, etc.] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; ἐπιστήσασι μᾶλλον λεκτέον one must speak with more care and accuracy, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1335b3, compare “EN” 1144a22; πότερον.. ἤ 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator ] Refs 4th c.BC+]ad Them.265b; ὅτι.. [[ 2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus 1.97 (hence ἐπίσταμαι, ἐπιστήμη, which see). ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__A.VI.2 with accusative person, arrest the attention of, [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Tiberius Gracchus” 17, compare 2.17e, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 18(2).105] Refs 1st c.AD+]; ἐπιστῆσαί τινα ἐπί τι call his attention to, [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.61.11, compare 4.34.9 ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; τοῦ καιροῦ τοῦ κατὰ τὴν διήγησιν ἐφεστακότος ἡμᾶς ἐπί τι having led us to.., [[ [prev. author] 10.21.2, compare 31.23.1 ] Refs]: hence, object, [[ 3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 1.4.5. ] Refs 3rd c.AD+]
__B intransitive in middle and passive, ἐφίσταμαι, aorist 1 ἐπεστάθην [[[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus] “fragment” [1127.5], 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 819, “IT” 1375, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+], with perfect, pluperfect (Aeolic dialect pluperfect 3rd.pers. singular ἐπήστᾱκε [[ “Schwyzer” 646.16 (Cyme, 2nd c.BC): _Doric dialect_ ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]pluperfect 3rd.pers. plural ἐφεστάκεον [ᾱ] [[ “SIG” 241.146 (Delph., 4th c.BC))] Refs 4th c.BC+], and aorist 2 active: (the causal tenses are not found in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+], the middle or passive only in imperfect ἐφίστατο [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.644 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; elsewhere always aorist 2 or perfect active with Epic dialect infinitive ἐφεστάμεναι [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 24.380)] Refs 8th c.BC+]:—stand upon, τεῖχος.. ῥύατ᾽ ἐφεσταότες [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.515; πύργῳ ἐφεστήκει 6.373; δίφρῳ ἐφεσταότος 17.609, etc.; ἐπέστη βηλῷ ἔπι λιθέῳ 23.201; ἡ.. ἐπισταθεῖσα ὀρθή 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 1051a28; ἐπὶ τὰς.. σχεδίας 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.46.8. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__B.2 to be imposed upon, μόχθων τῶν ἐφεστώτων ἐμοί [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 1170. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.3 stand on the top or surface, τὸ ἐπιστάμενον [τοῦ γάλακτος], i. e. cream, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.2; λιπαρότητες ἄνω ἐφιστάμεναι 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “προγνωστικόν” 12 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐ. καθάπερ ὀρρὸς [γάλακτι] [[ 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 1.72 ] Refs 1st c.AD+]; of vapour, form, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Juventute” 469b31. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__B.II to be set over, ἐφίσταται πύλαις [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 538; οἷός τε πολλοῖς προβατίοις ἐφεστάναι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 955; οἷοι νῷν ἐφεστᾶσι σκοποί 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 945; ἄρχοντες ἐφ᾽ ἑκάστῳ μέρει ἐ. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Hiero” 9.5; ἐπί τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 460b; ἐπὶ τῆς πολιτείας 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 19.298: rarely with _genitive_, τὸν ἐπεστεῶτα τῆς διώρυχος 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.117; ὅσοι θεοῦ χρημάτων ἐφέστασαν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 1098: _absolutely_ in ] Refs 5th c.BC+]participle, ὁ ἐφεστηκώς the person in authority, the officer in command, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 21.9 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ ἐφεστῶτες, Ionic dialect οἱ ἐπεστεῶτες, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.148, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1072, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.5.19. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.III stand by or near, ὣς πυκνοὶ ἐφέστασαν ἀλλήλοισιν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.133; ἐπ᾽ ἄκρῳ χείλει ἐφεσταότες, ἐ. παρὰ τάφρῳ, 12.52, 199; θύρῃσιν ἐφίστατο 11.644 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ τὰς πύλας, ἐπὶ τὰς θύρας, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.77, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 212d; ἐπὶ τοῖς προθύροις [prev. author] “Phlb.” 64c ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; especially of dreams or visions, appear to, εὕδοντι ἐπέστη ὄνειρος [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.34, compare 7.14; ὄναρ κεφαλῆφιν ἐπέστη 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.496; ἐπιστᾶσα τῆς νυκτός 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 10.65; ἄγγελος ἐπέστη αὐτοῖς NT.Luke.2.9 ] NT+8th c.BC+]: absolutely, stand by, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.78; πολλῶν ἐφεστώτων 2nd c.AD: Appianus Historicus “Συριακή” 10; ἤμην ἐφεστώς NT.Act.22.20; οἱ λέβητες ἐπεστεῶτες 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.59; ὁ ἀντίδικος ἐφέστηκε 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 172e, compare 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.79 ] NT+5th c.BC+]; without hostile sense, ἐπέστης [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 558, cf. NT.Luke.2.38, etc. ] NT+5th c.BC+]; of troops, to be posted after or behind, κατόπιν ἐ. τοῖς θηρίοις [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 16.18.7. ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
__B.III.2 in hostile sense, stand against, τὰ φρονέοντες ἐφέστασαν ἀλλήλοισιν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.703, compare 5.624; ἔνθα μένος πνείοντες ἐφέστασαν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.203, compare 24.380 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; appear before, of an army, ἐπὶ τῇ πόλι [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.203; ἐπὶ τὸ βασίλειον 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 9.58 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; come upon suddenly or by surprise, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.69; ἐξαίφνης ἐπιστὰς τοῖς γιγνομένοις 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 8.41, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 6.5, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DDeor.” 17.1; εἰς τοὺς ὄχλους 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 18.9 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; so of events, etc., αἰφνίδιος αὐτοῖς ἐ. ὄλεθρος [[ NT.1Thes.5.3, cf. NT.Luke.21.34; διὰ τὸν ἐφεστῶτα ζόφον 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 18.20.7; διὰ τὸν ὑετὸν τὸν ἐφεστῶτα NT.Act.28.2. ] NT+2nd c.BC+]
__B.III.3 metaphorically, of events, spring upon one, occur, πρίν μοι τύχη τοιάδ᾽ ἐπέστη [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 777, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.82 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; in perfect, impend, be at hand, τὸν ἐφεστηκότα κίνδυνον τῇ πόλει [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.176; ὁ καιρός.. ἐφέστηκε NT.2Tim.4.6; περὶ τοῦ βασιλέως.. ὁ λόγος ἐφέστηκε νῦν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1287a2, compare “Metaphorical” 999a25 ] NT+4th c.BC+]; of a more remote future, to be in store, lie in wait for, κῆρες ἐφεστᾶσιν θανάτοιο [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.326. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__B.IV halt, stop, as in a march, ἄλλοτε καὶ ἄλλοτε ἐφιστάμενος [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.4.26 (compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus V); ἐπιστὰς περιέμεινα 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 172a: with _genitive_, ἐ. τοῦ πλοῦ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.91. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.V fix one's mind on, give one's attention to, σφαγῇ [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 547; τῇ τρύγῃ “PFlor.” 236.4 (3rd c.AD)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπί τι [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 10.29, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.60; τοῖς πράγμασιν.. ἐπιστάντες [prev. author] 4.12 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπιστάς absolutely (i.e. τοῖς πράγμασι), [[ [prev. author] 18.233; διὰ ταῦτ᾽ ἐγρήγορεν, ἐφέστηκεν [prev. author] 6.19. ] Refs]
__C aorist 1 middle in causal sense, set up, τὰς θύρας [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Agesilaus” 8.7 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; set, post, φρουροὺς ἐπεστησάμην [[ [prev. author] “Cyr.” 8.2.19 ] Refs]; τέλος ἐπιστήσασθαι, Latin finem imponere, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 802a: ] Refs 5th c.BC+]present is once so used, τοῦ με τήνδ᾽ ἐφίστασαι βάσι; why dost thou cause me to halt? [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 339. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__C.2 ἐπιστησάμενος, intransitive, having been ἐπιστάτης, [[ “IGRom.” 4.1265 (from Thyatira). ] Refs]
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