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ἴσος, η, ον,
Epic dialect ἶσος and ἔϊσος (see. below); Cretan dialect, [[ 4th c.AD(?): Arcadius Grammaticus ] Refs 4th c.AD+] ϝίσϝος [[ “GDI” 4998ii2, 4982.2, “Schwyzer” 665, compare γισγόν· ἴσον, 5th c.AD(?): Hesychius Legal icographus ] Refs 5th c.AD+]; later ἵσος [[ “Schwyzer” 708a (1) (Ephesus, 4th c.BC), “Tab.Heracl.” 1.175, etc.] Refs 4th c.BC+]:— equal in size, strength, or number, with dative, κύματα ἶσα ὄρεσσιν [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.290, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; frequently of appearance, like, ἶσος ἀναύδῳ [[ 10.378; ἶσος Ἄρευι 7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 91 (uncertain)] Refs 7th c.BC+]; ἴσος θεοῖσιν Ead.2.1: frequently absolutely, ἴσην.. βίην καὶ κῦδος [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.205 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἶσον θυμὸν ἔχειν to be of like mind, [[ 13.704, 17.720: _neuter_ as ] Refs] adverb, ἶσον ἐμοὶ φρονέουσα [[ 15.50; θεοῖσιν ἶσ᾽ ἔθελε φρονέειν 5.441, compare 21.315 ] Refs], etc.; ἴσος τινὶ τὸ μέγαθος, ὕψος, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.32, 124 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ μῆκος, τὸ πλάτος, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.4.32; ἀριθμόν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 662 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἴσα τὸν ἀ. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 441c ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ποτὴν ἴσον equal in flight of song, [[ 3rd c.BC: Alexander Aetolus Elegiacus 5.5 ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ἴσον, τό, copy of a document, [[ “PLond.” 3.1222.5 (2nd c.AD), etc.: with _dative_ _person_ in place of an object of comparison, οὐ μὲν σοί ποτε ἶσον ἔχω γέρας (i.e. τῷ σῷ γέραϊ) 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.163 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τοῖσδ᾽ ἴσας ναῦς (i.e. ταῖς τῶνδε) [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 262 (Lyric poetry); ἴσα τοῖς νῦν στρατηγοῖς ἀγάθ᾽ εἰργασμένους 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 13.21: followed by a relative word, ἐμοὶ ἴσον.., ὅσονπερ ὑμῖν] Refs 5th c.BC+] the same to me as to you, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 173; τὰ ἐκεῖ ἴσα, ὥσπερ τὰ ἐνθάδε 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 19.36 codices (perhaps σᾶ)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ ἴσα ὅσαπερ.. Legal cited in [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.44; ἴσον.. ὅπερ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Eryxias” 405b. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__2 repeated to denote equal relations, ἴσα πρὸς ἴσα tit for tat, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.2; ταχθέντες ἴσοι πρὸς ἴσους 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 142 (_anapaest meter_); ἴσους ἴσοισι.. ἀντιθείς 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 750; ἴσα ἀντὶ ἴσων λαμβάνειν, ἐκδοῦναι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 774c ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἴσος ἴσῳ (i.e. οἶνος ὕδατι) [[ 5th c.BC: Cratinus Comicus 184, “Comica Adespota” 107, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κύλικος ἴσον ἴσῳ κεκραμένης (where ἴσον is adverbial) [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 1132; διδόναι γάλα καὶ οἶνον πίνειν ἴσον ἴσῳ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἐπιδημίαι” 2.5.1: _metaphorically_, 'fairly blended', μηδὲν ἴσον ἴσῳ φέρων 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 354. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__3 of persons, equal in rights, βούλεται ἡ πόλις ἐξ ἴσων εἶναι καὶ ὁμοίων [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1295b25; ἡ πολιτικὴ ἐλευθέρων καὶ ἴσων ἀρχή [prev. work] 1255b20; τὸ κατ᾽ ἀξίαν ἴ. [prev. work] 1307a26, +others ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II equally divided or distributed, ἴση μοῖρα [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.318 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἴση alone, one's equal share, μή τίς μοι ἀτεμβόμενος κίοι ἴσης [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.42 (ἴσσης conjecture Fick, compare ἴσσασθαι); τὴν ἴ. ἔχων 5th c.BC: Cratinus Comicus 250 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; οὐ μὴν ἴ. ἔτεισεν (i.e. τίσιν) [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 810 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἄχρι τῆς ἴ. up to the point of equality, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 5.17: _neuter_, μὴ ἴσον νεῖμαι ἑκατέρῳ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 337a; οὐ μόνον ἴσον, ἀλλὰ καὶ πλέον ἔχειν 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 17.57 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐκ ἀνέξῃ δωμάτων ἔχων ἴσον καὶ τῷδε νεῖμα; [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 547 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ ἴσα fair measure, τὰ ἴ. νέμειν [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.11 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; μὴ ἴσων ἕκαστον τυγχάνειν ἀλλὰ πλεονεκτεῖν, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.2.20 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; προστυχεῖν τῶν ἴ. to obtain fair terms, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 552 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κἂν ἴσαι (i.e. ψῆφοι) γένωνται equally divided, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 685. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.2 based on equality of rights, ἴ. καὶ ἔννομος πολιτεία [[ 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.5; τὴν πολιτείαν ἰσαιτέραν καθιστάναι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.89 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ ἴ. equal rights, equality, frequently joined with τὰ ὅμοια or τὰ δίκαια, ὡς τῆς πολιτείας ἐσομένης ἐν τοῖς ἴ. καὶ ὁμοίοις [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.1.45; τῶν ἴ. καὶ τῶν δικαίων ἕκαστος ἡγεῖται ἑαυτῷ μετεῖναι ἐν τῇ δημοκρατίᾳ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.67; οὐ μέτεστι τῶν ἴ. οὐδὲ τῶν ὁμοίων πρὸς τοὺς πλουσίους τοῖς λοιποῖς [prev. work]112; τῶν ἴ. μετεῖχε τοῖς ἄλλοις [prev. work]96; also ἡ ἴ. καὶ ὁμοία (i.e. δίκη), τῆς ἴ. καὶ ὁμοίας μετέχειν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.105 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπ᾽ ἴ. τε καὶ ὁμοίῃ on fair and equal terms, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.7, ά,compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.145 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ τῇ ἴ. καὶ ὁμοίᾳ[[ [prev. work] 27, compare “SIG” 312.27 (Samos, 4th c.BC), “OGI” 229.44 (Smyrna, 3rd c.BC)] Refs 4th c.BC+], etc.: generally, just, fair, ἐκ ποίας ἴ. καὶ δικαίας προφάς εω; [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.284. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II.3 of persons, fair, impartial, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 684 (Lyric poetry), “OT” 677; ἴ. δικαστής 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 957c; ἴ. καὶ κοινοὶ ἀκροαταί 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 29.1, compare 18.7; ἴ. καὶ κοινὸν δικαστήριον [prev. author] 7.36; κοινοὺς μὲν.., ἴ. δὲ μή 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 337a; ἴ. ἴσθι κρινων 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Μονόστιχοι - Fragmenta Comicorum Graecorum” 266, compare 257; κριταὶ ἴ. καὶ δίκαιοι 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 24.15.3, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.4 adequate, ἡ ἴ. φρουρά [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.27 ] Refs 5th c.BC+] (explained by Scholia as regular, τεταγμένη); ἴσος τοῖς παροῦσι [[ [prev. author] 1.132. ] Refs]
__III of ground, even, flat, εἰς τὸ ἴ. καταβαίνειν, of an army, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.6.18 (but ἐν ἴσῳ προσιέναι] Refs 5th c.BC+] to advance with even step, [[[prev. work] 1.8.11)] Refs]; λέουσιν εἰς τὸ ἴ. καθιστάμενοι μάχεσθαι, opposed to μετὰ πλεονεξίας ἀγωνίζεσθαι, on even terms, [[ [prev. author] “Cyr.” 1.6.28 ] Refs]; ἴ. τοῖχος, opposed to κεκλικώς, perpendicular, [[ 6th c.AD: Philoponus, Joannes Philosophus “in Aristotelis Analytica Posteriora commentaria - pars” 2.27. ] Refs 6th c.AD+]
__IV adverb ἴσως (see. entry): but also,
__IV.1 neuter singular and plural from [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus downwards (see. entry [near the start]), ἶσον.. ἀπήχθετο κηρὶ μελαίνῃ] Refs 8th c.BC+] even as Death, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.454 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἶσον ἐμοὶ βασίυε be king like me, [[ 9.616 ] Refs]; ἶσον γάρ σε θεῷ τίσουσιν Ἀχαιοί[[ [prev. work] 603; ἶσον ἐμῇ κεφαλῇ 18.82; τὸν.. ἶσα θεῷ.. εἰσορόωσιν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.520; ἶσα φίλοισι τέκεσσι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.71, compare 13.176, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.432, 11.304, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]: later absolutely, alike, δείλαιε τοῦ νοῦ τῆς τε συμφορᾶς ἴσον [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1347; τὴν Σάμον καὶ Ἡρακλέας στήλας ἴσον ἀπέχειν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.132: with _dative_, ἴσον ναοῖς θεῶν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Helena” 801 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἴσον ἄπεσμεν τῷ πρίν equally as before, [[ [prev. author] “Hipp.” 302 (variant{τῶν πρίν}); ἴσα τοῖς πάνυ 2nd-3rd c.AD: Dio Cassius Historicus “fragment” 70.6 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; ἴσα καί.. like as, as if, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1187 (Lyric poetry), 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Electra” 994 (_anapaest meter_), 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.14; ἴσον ὡς.. 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 1363 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὥσπερ.. [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 532; ὥστε.. 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 882; ἅτε.. [prev. author] “HF” 667 (Lyric poetry); ὅσονπερ.. 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 15.1. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__IV.2 with Preps.: ἀπὸ τῆς ἴσης equally, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.15; ὁ ἀπὸ τῆς ἴ. ἐχθρός [prev. author] 3.40; ἀπ᾽ ἴσης εἶναι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 14.6; ἀφ᾽ ἵσου “SIG” 426.14 (Teos, 3rd c.BC)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ἴσου [[ 2nd-3rd c.AD: Dio Cassius Historicus 43.37 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; at equal distance, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 617b ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: also in in Mathematics texts, ex aequali, of proportions, [[ 3rd c.BC: Euclides Geometra 5 “Def.” 17, +others] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; δι᾽ ἴ. ἐν τεταραγμένῃ ἀναλογίᾳ ex aequali in disturbed proportion, [[ 3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “περὶ σφαίρας καὶ κυλίνδρου” 2.4, +others, 3rd c.AD(?): Pappus Mathematicus 932.11 ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ἐν ἴσῳ equally, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.53, 4.65 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν ἴσῳ ἐστί it matters not, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 1199; ἐν ἴσῳ [ἐστὶ] καὶ εἰ.. 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.60; ἐν τῷ ἴσῳ εἶναι [prev. author] 4.10; ἐξ ἴσης 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 861a: more frequently ἐξ ἴσου 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.135, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 563, etc.; ἐξ ἴ. τινί [prev. author] “Ant.” 516, 644, 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.1, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 517a ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; evenly, εὐθεῖα γραμμή ἐστιν ἥτις ἐξ ἴ. τοῖς ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτῆς σημείοις κεῖται [[ 3rd c.BC: Euclides Geometra 1 “Def.” 4; ἐξ ἴ. καὶ.. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 254; ὡς.. [prev. author] “OT” 61 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ ἐξ ἴ. persons of equal station, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 777d, compare 919d; ὁ ἐξ ἴ. κίνδυνος 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 9.4.4; ἐκ τοῦ ἴ. γίγνεσθαί τινι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.3; τοῖς ἐκ τοῦ ἴσου ἡμῖν οὖσι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Hiero” 8.5; ἐξ ἴσου τισὶ τῆς πολιτείας μεταδιδόναι 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 25.3 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐκ τοῦ ἴ. μάχεσθαι to be evenly matched, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.4.16; ἐξ ἴ. πολεμεῖν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 8.47 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κατὰ μῆνα τὸ αἱροῦν ἐξ ἴ. the sum due in equal monthly instalments, [[ “PAmh.” 2.92.14, etc.] Refs]; ἐπὶ or ἐπ᾽ ἴσης, ἐπὶ ἴ. διαφέρειν τὸν πόλεμον [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.74; τοῦτο ἐπ᾽ ἴσης ἔχει [prev. author] 7.50, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1062 (Lyric poetry), etc.; ἐπ᾽ ἴσου 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.18.10; ἐπ᾽ ἴσον [prev. author] 6.38.4, cf. Docum. cited in 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.106, 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Ir.” p.21 W.; ἐπὶ ἶσα μάχη τέτατο 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.436; compare κατὰ ἶσα μάχην ἐτάνυσσε 11.336; κατ᾽ ἴσον 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 1.68.6, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus “de Usu Partium” 1.19 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; μετ᾽ ἴσου equally, [[ 2nd c.BC: Demetrius Lacon Philosophus “Herc.” 124.12. ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
__V comparative ἰσαίτερος [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 441, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.89, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.1.14: _superlative_ ἰσότατος Timo 68; ἰσαίτατος 1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 1.462 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]. adverb ὡς ἰσαίτατα [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 744c, but ὡς ἰσότατα “SIG” 531.30 (from Dyme)] Refs 5th c.BC+]. [ῑ in early Epic dialect (except [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 752), compare 6th c.BC: Solon Lyricus 24.1: ῐ first in 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 678, 7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 2.1 (but ἶσος Ead.91 assuming variant), 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 5.46 (but ἶσον 1.62, “fragment” 2.2), and always in 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] (except in compound ῑσοδαίμων) and Trag. [[(4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 216 is uncertain reading) except in _compound_ ῑσό-θεος (which see)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; uncertain in ἰσ-όνειρος. Both quantities are found in later poetry, sometimes in same line, ἔχοισαν ἴσον κάτω, ἶσον ἄνωθεν [[ 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 8.19; πρέσβυν ἴσον κούροις, ἶσον ἁδόντα κόραις “APl.” 4.309.] ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
