__A as demonstrative by the side of οὗτος, ὅδε, and the Article ὁ, ἡ, τό: in post-Homeric Gr. this use survived only in a few special phrases.
__B as a Relat. by the side of the Article ὅ, ἥ, τό (see. ὁ, ἡ, τό, c):—this demonstrative and Relat. pronoun must not be confounded with the Possess. ὅς, ἥ, ὅν. (With Gr. Relat. ὅς, ἥ, ὅ cf. Sanskrit Relat. yas, yā, yad, Lithuanian jis, ji (he, she), Oslav. i, ja, je (he, she, it).)
__A.II in later Gr. this usage remained in a few forms:
__A.II.1 at the beginning of a clause, καὶ ὅς and he, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.18, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Symposium” 1.15, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 118, “Prt.” 310d ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; καὶ ἥ and she, καὶ οἵ and they, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.56, 87, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 201e, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.6.4. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.II.2 ὃς καὶ ὅς such and such a person, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.68:] Refs 5th c.BC+] —here also the _Article_ supplied the oblative cases.
__A.II.3 ἦ δ᾽ ὅς, ἦ δ᾽ ἥ, said he, said she, see at {ἠμί}.
__A.II.4 in oppositions, where it sometimes answers to the Article, Λέριοι κακοί· οὐχ ὁ μέν, ὃς δ᾽ οὔ.. [[ 6th c.BC: Phocylides Lyricus 1; ὃς μὲν.., ὃ δὲ.. 2nd c.BC: Moschus Bucolicus 3.76; ὃ μὲν.., ὃς δὲ.., ὃ δὲ.., ὃς δὲ.. 2nd c.BC: Bion Bucolicus 1.81; so τῷ μὲν.., ᾧ δὲ.., ᾧ δὲ.. “Anthologia Graeca” 6.187 (1st c.AD: Alpheus Epigrammaticus)] Refs 6th c.BC+]; ὃ μὲν.., ὃ δὲ.., ὃ δὲ.. (neuter) [[ NT.Matt.13.8; ἂ μὲν.., ἃ δὲ.. 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 102, 4th c.BC: Archytas Tarentinus Philosophus cited in 5th c.AD: Stobaeus, Joannes 3.1.110; ὧν μὲν.., ὧν δὲ.. 4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 99; πόλεις ἃς μὲν.., ἃς δὲ.. 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.71 (as see l.)] NT+4th c.BC+]: so in Doric dialect dative feminine as adverb, ᾇ μὲν.., ᾇ δὲ.. [[ “Tab.Heracl.” 1.81; ἐφ᾽ ὧν μὲν.., ἐφ᾽ ὧν δὲ.. 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1109a1 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]: very frequently in late Prose, [[ 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 3.25.1, etc.] Refs 2nd c.AD+]: also answering to other Prons., ἑτέρων.., ὧν δὲ.. [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 31.6; ἐφ᾽ ᾧ μὲν.., ἐπὶ θατέρῳ δὲ.. 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 564a21, etc. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__B RELAT. PRON., who, which.—By the side of the simple Relat., ὅς, ἥ, ὅ (in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus also ὁ, ἡ, τό), we find in common use the _compound_ forms ὅστε, ὅστις and ὅτις, ὅσπερ and ὅπερ, ὅς γε (which see). ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__A0USAGE of the Relat. pronoun (the following remarks apply to ὅς γε, ὅσπερ, ὅστε, ὅστις, as well as to ὅς, and to ὁ, ἡ, τό as relative):
__A0.I in respect of CONCOR[[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator ] Refs 4th c.BC+] —Prop. it agrees in gender and number with the Noun or _pronoun_ in the antecedent clause.—But this rule admits of many exceptions:
__A0.I.1 the Relat. mayagree with the gender implied, not expressed, in the antecedent, φίλον θάλος, ὃν τέκον αὐτή [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.87; τέκνων, οὓς ἤγαγε 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 12 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: so after collective Nouns, the Relat. is frequently put in plural in the gender implied in the Noun, λαόν.., οὕς.. [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.369 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; στρατιάν.. τοιαύτην.., οἵ τινες.., τὸ ναυτικόν, οἵ.., [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.91, 3.4; πλήθει, οἵπερ.. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 260a ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; especially after the names of countries or cities, Τηλέπυλον Λαιστρυγονίην ἀφίκανεν, οἳ.. (i. e. to Telepylos of the Laestrygonians, who.. ) [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.319; τὰς Ἀθήνας, οἵ γε.. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.8. β; Μέγαρα.., οὓς.. 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.94: it also may agree with the Noun or _pronoun_ implied in an ] Refs 8th c.BC+] adjective, Θηβαίας ἐπισκοποῦντ᾽ ἀγυιάς, τάν.. the streets of Thebes, which.., [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 1137 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοὺς Ἡρακλείους παῖδας, ὃς.. the children of Heracles, who.., [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 157; τῆς ἐμῆς ἐπεισόδου, ὅν.. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]of me whom.., [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 731 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸν ἥμισύν ἐστ᾽ ἀτελὴς τοῦ χρόνου· εἶθ᾽ ἧς πᾶσι μέτεστι.., where ἧς agrees with ἀτελείας implied in ἀτελής, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 20.8. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__A0.I.2 when the antec. Noun in singular implies a class, the Relat. is sometimes in plural, ἦ μάλα τις θεὸς ἔνδον, οἳ.. ἔχουσιν (for τις θεῶν, οἵ..) in some places, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 638 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὗ μέν.., οὗ δέ.. in some places.., in others.., [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Oeconomica” 1345b34: with _genitive_, οὐκ εἶδεν οὗ γῆς εἰσέδυ] Refs 4th c.BC+] in what part of the earth, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” [1583]; ἐννοεῖς οὗ ἐστὶ.. τοῦ ἀναμιμνήσκεσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Meno” 84a; συνιδὼν οὗ κακῶν ἦν 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Tox.” 17. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A0.I.2 in pregnant phrases, μικρὸν προϊόντες..,οὗ ἡ μάχη ἐγένετο (for ἐκεῖσε οὗ) [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.1.6; so οὗπερ προσβεβοηθήκει 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.86, compare 1.134 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀπιὼν ἐκ τῆς πόλεως, οὗ κατέφυγε (for οἷ κατέφυγε καὶ οὗ ἦν) [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.4.14 (uncertain reading); ἐπειδὰν ἱζήσωμεν οὗ ἄγεις 2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Her.Prooem.” 13: in later Gr. οὗ was used simply for οἷ, οὗπερ ἂν ἔλθῃ Tim069,cf. NT.Luke.10.1, etc.] NT+5th c.BC+]: but in early writers this is falsa lectio, as in [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.74, etc. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__A0.II dative feminine ᾗ, Doric dialect ᾇ, of Place, where, or Manner, as, see at {ᾗ}.