__A causal in present, imperfect, future, and aorist 1; later perfect παρέστᾰκα in same sense, [[ “PTeb.” 5.196 (2nd c.BC), 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.94.7, 2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “adversus Mathematicos” 7.273, etc. ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
__A.I cause to stand, place beside, π. τοὺς ἱππεῖς ἐφ᾽ ἑκάτερον τὸ κέρας [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.72.9, compare 3.113.8 ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; παραστήσας τὰ ὅπλα having brought his arms into view, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.175 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. τινὰ φυλάττειν set one near a thing to guard it, variant in [[ [prev. author] 49.35; π. σορὸν σορῷ “Anatolian Studies” p.204 (from Termessus). ] Refs]
__A.II set before the mind, present, ὑπόθεσιν.. οὐ χὶ τὴν οὖσαν παριστάντες ὑμῖν [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 3.1 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; τοῦτο π. τοὺς θεοὺς ὑμῖν that they may put this into your minds, [[ [prev. author] 18.1; τὸ δεινὸν π. τοῖς ἀκούουσιν [prev. author] 21.72 ] Refs]; π. ἐλπίδας, ὁτιοῦν τῶν δεινοτάτων, [[ [prev. author] 19.333, 21.15 ] Refs]; arouse, inspire, οὐ γὰρ ἡ πληγὴ παρέστησε τὴν ὀργὴν ἀλλ᾽ ἡ ἀτιμία [[[prev. work]72 ] Refs]; π. φόβον καὶ ἀπορίαν ταῖς πόλεσι [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.94.7 ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; π. ὁ κίνδυνος διαλογισμόν, μὴ.. [[ 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 2.159: so τοῦτο π. ὑμῖν γνῶναι] Refs 4th c.BC+] prompt you to that decision, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.8 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. τινὶ θαρρεῖν give one confidence, variant in [[ 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.174 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. τινί with infinitive, put it into his head to.., [[ 2nd c.AD: Pausanias Periegeta 9.14.6 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; also π. τινὶ ὅτι or ὡς.., [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 13.1, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 600c. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.II.8 in later Greek, as in middle (V. C. 1), produce in court, etc., [[ “BGU” 759.22 (2nd c.AD)] Refs 2nd c.AD+], etc.:—passive, [[ “Sammelb.” 4512.82 (2nd c.BC), etc. ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
__A.III set side by side, compare, [πόλεις] μικρὰς μεγάλαις [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 12.40.] Refs 5th c.BC+] — The use of these active tenses occurs in Pl.[same place], but first becomes common in Oratt.
__B passive, with aorist 2, perfect and pluperfect active, intransitive:
__B.II more frequently in past tenses, to have come, δεῦρο παρέστης [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.405 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; to be at hand, νῆες δ᾽ ἐκ Λήμνοιο παρέστασαν [[ 7.467, etc. ] Refs]
__B.VI.2 to be passionately devoted to, ἵπποισι παρεστεῶτες [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἐπιστολαί” 17. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.VII absolutely, παρεστηκός, ={παρόν}, since it was in their power, since the opportunity offered, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.133. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__C Some tenses of middle, present and imperfect sometimes, future and aorist I almost always (for exceptions, see above [[ 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 11.2, III, iv), are used in causal sense: ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__C.I set by one's side, bring forward, produce, π. ἱερεῖα [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6.1.22 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; especially in a court of justice, τοὺς παῖδας παραστησάμενοι [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 20.35 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; παιδία παραστήσεται (of a culprit) [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.99; ταῦτα παραστησάμενος [prev. work]187; μάρτυρας παρίστανται 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 4.13, etc.] Refs 4th c.BC+]; παραστήσασθαί τινα produce him as witness, [[ [prev. author] 9.9, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 34.28, etc.; π. τινὰ εἰς κρίσιν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 555b. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
