υἱός, ὁ
(written ϝηιός in Ἀρχ. Ἐφ. [[ 1931.103 (Nemea, 6th c.BC)), declined regular υἱοῦ, υἱῷ, υἱόν, but in _Attic dialect_ Inscrr. only after 4th c.BC (except υἱός “IG” 12.529,530, 598, 625; ὑός [prev. work] 585, 828; ὑόν[prev. work]70.8), and then always so: ] Refs 6th c.BC+] —in earlier _Attic dialect_ and other Inscrr. inflected as a ῠ-stem (like πῆχυς), _nominative_ υἱύς (written huihus)[[ Klein “Vasen mit Meister-signaturen” 72 (“Brit.Mus.Cat.” 701) (ὑύς “IG” 12.571, 670, 686; _contraction_ ὕς [prev. work]663); _genitive_ υἱέος (ὑέος “IG” 22.4883)] Refs]; dative υἱεῖ: dual υἱεῖ [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 19.46 ] Refs 5th c.BC+], written ηυιε in [[ “IG” 12.775 (corrupted to υἱέε in 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 20a codex B), υἱέοιν: _plural_ υἱεῖς (ὑεῖς “IG” 12.115.14, +others), υἱέων, υἱέσι (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 571, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 1001 (_anapaest meter_)), ὑέ[σιν] (“IG” 12.54.14), υἱεῖς (ὑεῖς “IG” 22.1.73): but _genitive_ υἱέως, and _accusative_ υἱέα, υἱέας, which are formed as though from _nominative_ Υἱεύς,] Refs 5th c.BC+] are rejected by [[ 2nd c.AD: Phrynichus Atticista 48,49] Refs 2nd c.AD+], Thom.Mag.p.367 R., as not Attic dialect, though the two latter forms are used by later writers (as υἱέα [[ 3rd c.BC: Euphorio Epicus 5, 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Cynegeticus” 16, ὑέα “IG” 42(1).244.4 (Epid., 2nd c.BC), but υἱέως] Refs 3rd c.BC+] is falsa lectio in [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.13, 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “Antiquitates Judaicae” 18.2.4, etc.): _dative_ _plural_ υἱεῦσιν] Refs 5th c.BC+] is mentioned as a form that would be regular by [[ 12th c.AD: Eustathius Episcopus Thessalonicensis 1348.27:] Refs] —Homer uses _nominative_ υἱός (very frequently); genitive υἱοῦ only in [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.238 ] Refs 8th c.BC+], elsewhere υἱέο; dative υἱέϊ or υἱε; accusative υἱέα [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.350 (compare “IGRom.” 4.360.29 (Pergam., hexameters)), elsewhere υἱόν (very frequently)] Refs 8th c.BC+]: plural, nominative υἱέες [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.10, +others, or υἱεῖς 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.248, 24.387, 497; _genitive_ υἱῶν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.587, 22.44, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 24.223 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; dative υἱοῖσι (ν) only [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.418, υἱάσι (ν) 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.463, +others (never υἱέσι); _accusative_ υἱέας [prev. work] 149, +others:— he also uses the shorter forms, _genitive_ υἷος, υἷι, υἷα, dual υἷε (distinguished from the _vocative_ _sing._ υἱέ by the accent), _plural_ υἷες, υἷα; but these were confined to _Epic dialect_: their accentuation (in which codices agree with Hdn.Gr. 1.409) may preserve a trace of their Aeolic origin (see. below). The declension υἱῆος, υἱῆϊ, υἱῆα, υἱῆες, υἱήεσσι, υἱῆας (like βασιλῆος, etc., as though from υἱεύς)] Refs 8th c.BC+], belongs solely to later Epic dialect poets, as [[ 3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 2.1093, 1119, 2nd c.BC: Nicander Epicus “fragment” 110, “Anthologia Graeca” 9.23 (Antip.), etc. Dialect Inscrr. have the following archaic forms, _nominative_ υἱύς “IG” 5 (1).720 (_Laconian dialect_), “Leg.Gort.” 12.17] Refs 3rd c.BC+] (υιυις lapis); accusative υἱύν [[ “Inscription Olymp.” 30, “Leg.Gort.” 10.15] Refs]; genitive υἱέος [[[prev. work]6.3, “Schwyzer” 105 (Methana, 6th c.BC)] Refs 6th c.BC+]; but υἱοῦ [[ “IG” 9(1).867 (Corc., 7th c.BC)] Refs 7th c.BC+]; nominative plural υἱέες [[ “Leg.Gort.” 7.25 ] Refs]; accusative plural υἱύνς [[[prev. work] 4.40, “IG” 12.407 (Cretan dialect or Argive); _dative_ _plural_ υἱάσι “Leg.Gort.” 4.37 (as in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, influenced by θυγατράσι, πατράσι,] Refs 8th c.BC+] which have ρα = ṛ, cf. Sanskrit pitṛ[snull]u); ὑέεσσι [[ “IG” 14.10 (Syrac.)] Refs]; υἷος in [[ “SIG” 55 (Thessaly, 5th c.BC) is perhaps the _Aeolic dialect_ _genitive_ (ὑός] Refs 5th c.BC+] is nominative rather than genitive in [[ “IG” 12.828); _accusative_ ὗα “Schwyzer” 625 (Mytil., 2nd-1st c.BC)] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; a nominative ὑϊς (scanned - ?~X) [[ “IG” 12.472 (Boeotia, 6th c.BC),compare 4th-5th c.BC: Simonides Lyricus 249 (see. below); _nominative_ _plural_ ὗες “IG” 22.3632.24 (hexameters, Eleusis, 2nd c.AD). The initial syllable is both υἱ-and ὑ] Refs 6th c.BC+]-in Attic dialect Inscrr. down to [[5th c.BC (e. g. ὑεῖς “IG” 12.115.14, ὑέ[σιν] [prev. work]54.14, ὑόν see above), afterwards ὑ-, but υἱός] Refs 5th c.BC+] reappears under the Empire; in Plato codex A usually has ὑιος, which is found also in T, codex B always has υἱός, editors restore ὑό; accusative υἱόν is recommended by [[ 2nd c.AD: Phrynichus Atticista ] Refs 2nd c.AD+] [same place]; in Inscrr. of Pergamon, Magnesia, and Delphi, and in non-literary Papyri, ὑός is at all times less common than υἱός:—ὁ υεἱός [[ “CIG” “Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum” “Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum” (add.) 3857p; _dative_ υεἱῷ [prev. work]3846z82 (both Phrygia),compare “BCH” 11.471] Refs]:—son, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.366, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; υἱὸν ποιεῖσθαί τινα to adopt as a son, [[ 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 2.28 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; υἱεῖς ἄνδρες grown-up sons, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 25.88: _metaphorically_, Κόρον Ὕβριος υἱόν] Refs 4th c.BC+] Oracle texts cited in [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.77 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: rarely of animals, [[ NT.Matt.21.5. ] NT]