Aër.
κέρᾰς,τό, Ep. gen.Κέρᾰος, Att.
contr.
κέρως; Ep. dat.κέρᾰϊ(elided) orκέραιor
A.
κέρᾳ
Il. 11.385
, cf. Hdn.Gr. 2.75 ,κέρᾳalso in Th. 2.90 , 7.6 : nom. pl.κέρᾱ(v. infr.), gen.κεράων, κερῶν, dat.κέρασι, Ep.
κεράεσσι:— Att. Inscrr. have dual [ κέρ]ατε
IG 12.301.109
: pl.κέραταib. 237.59 ; later Ep.
κεράατα(̆̄̆̆) Nic. Th. 291 ,κεράατος(̆̄̆̆) Arat. 174 , Q.S. 6.225 :—Hdt.has gen. κέρεος
6.111
, dat. κέρεϊ
9.102
: pl. κέρεα
2.38
,κερέωνib. 132 ; but Hp. has gen. sg.κέρως, pl.κέρατα,Aër.
18 . [In nom. and acc.κέρας, ᾰalways: in the obl. casesᾰin Ep. , as κέρᾰσιν
Od. 3.384
(in contr. dat.κέρᾱͅ, nom. pl.κέρᾱ(cf. Batr. 165 ), a is shortd. before a vowel, Il. 11.385 , Od. 19.211 ); butᾱin Trag.and Com., κέρᾱτος
Hermipp. 43
, κέρᾱτα
E. Ba. 921
,κεράτων [ᾱ] prob. in S. Tr. 519 (lyr.), κέρᾱσι
A. Fr. 185
. In later Ep. the quantity varies.] (κέραςis prob. related toκάρα; cf.κεραός.)
I. the horn of an animal, in Hom. mostly of oxen, Il. 17.521 , etc.; ταῦροι . . εἰς κέρας θυμούμενοι
E. Ba. 743
;ὀφθαλμοὶ δ' ὡς εἰ κέρα ἕστασανhis eyes stood fixed and stifflike horns, Od. 19.211 ; as a symbol of strength, LXX Ps. 17(18).3 , Diogenian. 7.89 , cf. Arist. PA 662a1 ; of elephants'tusks, Aret. SD 2.13 , Opp. C. 2.494 .
2. antennaeof crustaceans, Arist. HA 526a31 , 590b27 ; of the silkworm'sgrub, ib. 551b10 .
II. horn, as a material, αἱ μὲν γὰρ [πύλαι] κεράεσσι τετεύχαται
Od. 19.563
;the hornof animals' hoofs, Longus 2.28 .
III. anything made of horn,
1. bow, τόξον ἐνώμα . . πειρώμενος . . μὴ κέρα ἶπες ἔδοιεν
Od. 21.395
, cf. Theoc. 25.206 , Call. Epigr. 38 , AP 6.75 ( Paul.Sil. ); for Il. 11.385
v.infr.v.l.
2. of musical instruments,horn for blowing, σημῆναι τῷ κέρατι
X. An. 2.2.4
, cf. Arist. Aud. 802a17 ; also,the Phrygian flute, because it was tipped with horn (cf. Poll. 4.74 ), αὐλεῖν τῷ κ.
Luc. DDeor. 12.1
; καὶ κέρατι μὲν αὐλεῖν Τυρρηνοὶ νομίζουσι
Poll. 4.76
, cf. Ath. 4.184a .
3. drinking-horn, ἐκ τοῦ κέρατος αὖ μοι δὸς πιεῖν
Hermipp. 43
, cf. X. An. 7.2.23 , OGI 214.43 (Didyma,iii B.C.); ἐξ ἀργυρέων κ. πίνειν
Pi. Fr. 166
, cf. IG 12.280.77 ; ἀργυρηλάτοις κέρασι χρυσᾶ στόμια προσβεβλημένοις
A. Fr. 185
; ἐκπιόντι χρύσεον κ.
S. Fr. 483
; for measuring liquids, Gal. 13.435 .
4. Ἀμαλθείας κ. cornucopiae, v. Ἀμάλθεια .
IV. βοὸς κ.prob. ahorn guardorcoverattached to a fishing-line, Il. 24.81 , cf. Sch.; ἐς πόντον προί̈ησι βοὸς κέρας
Od. 12.253
; ψάμμῳ κ. αἰὲν ἐρείδων
AP 6.230
( Maec. ), cf. Aristarch. ap. Apollon. Lex.
s.v. κέρᾳ ἀγλαέ , Arist. ap. Plu. 2.977a (also expld. as afishing-line of ox-hair(cf. infr.v.l), ap. Plu. 2.976f , cf. Poll. 2.31 ; perh. an artificialbait).
2. clyster-pipe, Orib. 8.32
7 .
3. in pl.,horn pointswith which the writing-reed was tipped, AP 6.227 ( Crin. ).
V. of objects shapedlikehorns,
1. a mode of dressing the hair, κέρᾳ ἀγλαέ
Il. 11.385
(unless the meaning bebow), cf. Aristarch. ad loc., Herodorus and Apionap. Eust. ad loc.: henceκέραςis expld. as = θρίξ orκόμη, Apollon. Lex. , Hdn.Gr. ap. Eust.l.c., Poll. 2.31 , Hsch. ; cf. iv. l, and v. κεροπλάστης .
2. armorbranchof a river, Ὠκεανοῖο κ.
Hes. Th. 789
; Νείλου
Pi. Fr. 201
; τὸ Μενδήσιον κέρας
Th. 1.110
; ἐν Ἰνδοῖς ἐν τῷ Κέρατι καλουμένῳ
Arist. Mir. 835b5
, cf. Mu. 393b5 ;τὸ κ. τὸ Βυζαντίωνthe 'GoldenHorn', Str. 7.6.2 , cf. Plb. 4.43.7 ,Sch.A.R. 4.282 ;ἙσπέρουK., name of abay, Hanno Peripl. 14 , cf. Philostr. VS 1.21.2 .
3. wingof an army, Hdt. 9.26 , etc.; or fleet, Id. 6.8 , Th. 2.90 , etc.;κ. δεξιόν, λαιόν, A. Pers. 399 , E. Supp. 704 ; τὸ εὐώνυμον κ. ἀναπτύσσειν
X. An. 1.10.9
.
b. κατὰ κέρας προσβάλλειν, ἐπιπεσεῖν, to attack inflank, Th. 3.78 , X. HG 6.5.16 , etc.;κατὰ κ. προσιέναι, ἕπεσθαι, Id. Cyr. 7.1.8 and 28 ; κατὰ κ. συμπεσών
Plb. 1.40.14
; πρὸς κ. μάχεσθαι
X. Cyr. 7.1.22
.
c. ἐπὶ κέρας ἀνάγειν τὰς νέαςto lead a fleet incolumn, Hdt. 6.12 , cf. 14 ; κατὰ μίαν ἐπὶ κέρως παραπλεῖν
Th. 2.90
, cf. 6.32 , X. Cyr. 6.3.34 , Eub. 67.4 ; of armies,κατὰ κέρας, opp.ἐπὶ φάλαγγος, X. Cyr. 1.6.43 , cf. An. 4.6.6 , HG 7.4.23 ; εἰς κ.
Id. Eq.Mag. 4.3
; ἐκ κέρατος εἰς φάλαγγα καταστῆσαι
Id. Cyr. 8.5.15
;οὐκ ἐλᾶτε πρὸς τὸ δεξιὸν κ.; Ar. Eq. 243 .
4. corps of
8192
men, = διφαλαγγαρχία , Ascl. Tact. 2.6 , Arr. Tact. 10.7 .
b.
= μεραρχία , Ascl. Tact. 2.10 .
c. contingent of thirty-two chariots, ib. 8 , Ael. Tact. 22.2 .
5. sailyard, = κεραία , AP 5.203 ( Mel. ), OGI 674.30 (Egypt,i A.D.), Luc. Am. 6 , POxy. 2136.6
(iii A.D.).
6. mountainpeak,v.l. in
h.Hom. 1.8 ;spur, τὸ κ. τοῦ ὄρους
X. An. 5.6.7
, cf. Lyc. 534 : in pl.,extremitiesof the earth, γῆς
Philostr. VA 2.18
(pl.).
7. in Anatomy,extremitiesof the uterus, Hp. Superf. 1 , Gal. 7.266 ; of the diaphragm, Sor. 1.57 .
b. ἁπαλὸν κ.,
= πόσθη , Archil. 171 , cf.Neophro (?) in PLit.Lond. 77
Fr. 2.19 , E. Fr. 278 , AP 12.95.6 ( Mel. ).
8. of theπήχειςof the lyre, χρυσόδετον κ.
S. Fr. 244
(lyr.) (rather than thebridge, because made ofhorn, Ael.Dion. Fr. 133 , Poll. 4.62 ).
VI. κέρατα ποιεῖν τινιto give himhorns, cuckold him, prov. in Artem. 2.11 ; cf. κερασφόρος
11
.
VII.
= κερατίνης , Luc. DMort. 1.2 .
VIII.
= σταφυλῖνος ἄγριος , Dsc. 3.52 ; = οἰνάνθη , dub. in Ps.- Dsc. 3.120 .
