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κέρᾰς, τό,
Epic dialect genitive Κέρᾰος, Attic dialect contraction κέρως; Epic dialect dative κέρᾰϊ (elided) or κέραι or κέρᾳ [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.385, cf. Hdn.Gr. 2.75, κέρᾳ also in 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.90, 7.6:] Refs 8th c.BC+] nominative plural κέρᾱ (see. below), genitive κεράων, κερῶν, dative κέρασι, _Epic dialect_ κεράεσσι:—Attic dialect Inscrr. have dual [κέρ]ατε [[ “IG” 12.301.109: _plural_ κέρατα [prev. work] 237.59;] Refs] later Epic dialect κεράατα ([music notation]) [[ 2nd c.BC: Nicander Epicus “Theriaca” 291, κεράατος ([music notation]) 4th-3rd c.BC: Aratus Epicus 174, 4th c.AD(?): Quintus Smyrnaeus Epicus 6.225; _dative_ κεράασι [musical notation] A.R.4.978::—Hdt.has _genitive_ κέρεος 6.111, _dative_ κέρεϊ 9.102: _plural_ κέρεα 2.38, κερέων [prev. work] 132; but 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus has _genitive_ _sing._ κέρως, _plural_ κέρατα, “Aër.” 18. [In _nominative_ and _accusative_ κέρας, ᾰ always: in the oblative cases ᾰ in _Epic dialect_, as κέρᾰσιν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.384 (in _contraction_ _dative_ κέρᾱ, _nominative_ _plural_ κέρᾱ compare (Batrachomyomachia 165)] Refs 8th c.BC+], a is shortened before a vowel, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.385, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.211)] Refs 8th c.BC+]; but ᾱ in Trag.and Comedy texts, κέρᾱτος [[ 5th c.BC: Hermippus Comicus 43, κέρᾱτα 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 921, κεράτων [ᾱ] probably in 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 519 (Lyric poetry), κέρᾱσι 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 185. In later _Epic dialect_ the quantity varies.] (κέρας is probably related to κάρα] Refs 5th c.BC+]; compare κεραός.)
__I the horn of an animal, in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] mostly of oxen, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.521, etc.; ταῦροι.. εἰς κέρας θυμούμενοι 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 743 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὀφθαλμοὶ δ᾽ ὡς εἰ κέρα ἕστασαν his eyes stood fixed and stiff like horns, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.211 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; as a symbol of strength, [[ LXX.Psa.17(18).3, 4th-5th c.AD: Diogenianus Paroemiographus 7.89, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Partibus Animalium” 662a1 ] LXX+4th c.BC+]; of elephants' tusks, [[ 2nd c.AD: Aretaeus Medicus “περὶ αἰτιῶν καὶ σημείων χρονίων παθῶν” 2.13, 3rd c.AD: Oppianus Apamensis Epicus “Cynegetica” 2.494. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
Close Browse lexicon entries __I.2 antennae of crustaceans, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 526a31, 590b27 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; of the silkworm's grub, [[[prev. work] 551b10. ] Refs]
__II horn, as a material, αἱ μὲν γὰρ [πύλαι] κεράεσσι τετεύχαται [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.563 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; the horn of animals' hoofs, [[ 3rd c.AD(?): Longus Scriptor Eroticus 2.28. ] Refs 3rd c.AD+]
__III anything made of horn,
__III.1 bow, τόξον ἐνώμα.. πειρώμενος.. μὴ κέρα ἶπες ἔδοιεν [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 21.395, compare 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 25.206, 3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Epigrammata” 38, “Anthologia Graeca” 6.75 (6th c.AD: Paulus Silentiarius Epigrammaticus); for 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.385 see below variant ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__III.2 of musical instruments, horn for blowing, σημῆναι τῷ κέρατι [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.2.4, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Audibilibus” 802a17 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also, the Phrygian flute, because it was tipped with horn [[compare (2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 4.74), αὐλεῖν τῷ κ. 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DDeor.” 12.1; καὶ κέρατι μὲν αὐλεῖν Τυρρηνοὶ νομίζουσι 2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 4.76, compare 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 4.184a. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__III.3 drinking-horn, ἐκ τοῦ κέρατος αὖ μοι δὸς πιεῖν [[ 5th c.BC: Hermippus Comicus 43, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.2.23, “OGI” 214.43 (Didyma, 3rd c.BC)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐξ ἀργυρέων κ. πίνειν [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “Fragmenta.” 166, compare “IG” 12.280.77; ἀργυρηλάτοις κέρασι χρυσᾶ στόμια προσβεβλημένοις 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 185; ἐκπιόντι χρύσεον κ. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 483 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; for measuring liquids, [[ 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 13.435. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__III.4 Ἀμαλθείας κ. cornucopiae, see at {Ἀμάλθεια}.
__IV βοὸς κ. probably a horn guard or cover attached to a fishing-line, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.81, cf. Scholia; ἐς πόντον προΐησι βοὸς κέρας 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.253; ψάμμῳ κ. αἰὲν ἐρείδων “Anthologia Graeca” 6.230 (1st c.AD(?): Maecius Epigrammaticus), compare 3rd-2nd c.BC: Aristarchus Grammaticus cited in 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Biographus “Lex.” see {κέρᾳ ἀγλαέ}, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus cited in 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.977a] Refs 8th c.BC+] (also explained as a fishing-line of ox-hair (compare belowsee.l), cited in [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.976f, compare 2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 2.31 ] Refs 1st c.AD+]; perhaps an artificial bait).
__IV.2 clyster-pipe, [[ 4th c.AD: Oribasius Medicus 8.32 7. ] Refs 4th c.AD+]
__IV.3 in plural, horn points with which the writing-reed was tipped, [[“Anthologia Graeca” 6.227 (1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Crinagoras Epigrammaticus). ] Refs 1st c.BC+]
__V of objects shaped like horns,
__V.1 a mode of dressing the hair, κέρᾳ ἀγλαέ [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.385 ] Refs 8th c.BC+] (unless the meaning be bow),[[compare 3rd-2nd c.BC: Aristarchus Grammaticus (at [prev. work]), Herodorus and Apionap. 12th c.AD: Eustathius Episcopus Thessalonicensis (at [prev. work]): hence κέρας is explained as ={θρίξ} or κόμη, 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Biographus “Lex.”, Hdn.Gr. cited in Eust.[same place], 2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 2.31, 5th c.AD(?): Hesychius Legal icographus ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; compare iv. l, and see at {κεροπλάστης}.
__V.2 arm or branch of a river, Ὠκεανοῖο κ. [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 789; Νείλου 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “Fragmenta.” 201; τὸ Μενδήσιον κέρας 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.110; ἐν Ἰνδοῖς ἐν τῷ Κέρατι καλουμένῳ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Mirabilia” 835b5, compare “Mu.” 393b5 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὸ κ. τὸ Βυζαντίων the 'Golden Horn', [[ 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 7.6.2, compare 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 4.43.7, Scholia 3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 4.282 ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; Ἑσπέρου K., name of a bay, [[ 4th c.BC: Hanno Geographus “Periplus - GGM” 14, compare 2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Vitae Sophistarum” 1.21.2. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__V.3 wing of an army, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.26, etc.; or fleet, [prev. author] 6.8, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.90, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. δεξιόν, λαιόν, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 399, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 704; τὸ εὐώνυμον κ. ἀναπτύσσειν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.10.9. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__V.3.b κατὰ κέρας προσβάλλειν, ἐπιπεσεῖν, to attack in flank, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.78, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 6.5.16, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κατὰ κ. προσιέναι, ἕπεσθαι, [[ [prev. author] “Cyr.” 7.1.8 and 28; κατὰ κ. συμπεσών 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.40.14; πρὸς κ. μάχεσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.1.22. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__V.3.c ἐπὶ κέρας ἀνάγειν τὰς νέας to lead a fleet in column, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.12, compare 14; κατὰ μίαν ἐπὶ κέρως παραπλεῖν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.90, compare 6.32, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 6.3.34, 4th c.BC: Eubulus Comicus 67.4 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; of armies, κατὰ κέρας, opposed to ἐπὶ φάλαγγος, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.6.43, compare “An.” 4.6.6, “HG” 7.4.23; εἰς κ. [prev. author] “Eq.Mag.” 4.3; ἐκ κέρατος εἰς φάλαγγα καταστῆσαι [prev. author] “Cyr.” 8.5.15 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐκ ἐλᾶτε πρὸς τὸ δεξιὸν κ.; [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 243. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__V.4 corps of[[ 8192 ] Refs]men, ={διφαλαγγαρχία}, [[ 1st c.BC: Asclepiodotus Tacticus “Tact.” 2.6, 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Tactica” 10.7. ] Refs 1st c.BC+]
__V.4.b = {μεραρχία}, [[ 1st c.BC: Asclepiodotus Tacticus “Tact.” 2.10. ] Refs 1st c.BC+]
__V.4.c contingent of thirty-two chariots, [[[prev. work] 8, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “Tactica - Griechische Kriegsschriftsteller” 22.2. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__V.5 sailyard, ={κεραία}, [[“Anthologia Graeca” 5.203 (1st c.BC: Meleager Epigrammaticus), “OGI” 674.30 (Egypt, 1st c.AD), 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Am.” 6, “POxy.” 2136.6 (3rd c.AD). ] Refs 1st c.BC+]
__V.6 mountainpeak, variant in [[ “Hymni Homerici” 1.8 ] Refs]; spur, τὸ κ. τοῦ ὄρους [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.6.7, compare 3rd c.BC: Lycophron Tragicus 534] Refs 5th c.BC+]: in plural, extremities of the earth, γῆς [[ 2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Vita Apollonii” 2.18 (_plural_). ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__V.7 in Anatomy, extremities of the uterus, [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἐπικυήσιος” 1, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 7.266] Refs 5th c.BC+]; of the diaphragm, [[ 2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus 1.57. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__V.7.b ἁπαλὸν κ., = {πόσθη}, [[ 7th c.BC: Archilochus Lyricus 171, compareNeophro (?) in “PLit.Lond.” 77 “fragment” 2.19, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 278, “Anthologia Graeca” 12.95.6 (1st c.BC: Meleager Epigrammaticus). ] Refs 7th c.BC+]
__V.8 of the πήχεις of the lyre, χρυσόδετον κ. [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 244 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+] (rather than the bridge, because made of horn, [[ 2nd c.AD: Aelius Dionysius Grammaticus “fragment” 133, 2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 4.62). ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__VI κέρατα ποιεῖν τινι to give him horns, cuckold him, proverbial in [[ 2nd c.AD: Artemidorus Daldianus Onirocriticus 2.11; compare κερασφόρος 11. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__VII = {κερατίνης}, [[ 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DMort.” 1.2. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__VIII = {σταφυλῖνος ἄγριος}, [[ 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 3.52] Refs 1st c.AD+]; ={οἰνάνθη}, uncertain in Ps.-[[ 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 3.120. ] Refs 1st c.AD+]
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STEPBible TFLSJ (Translators Formatted full LSJ Bible lexicon), CC BY 4.0, Tyndale House. Greek lexical entries from the full Liddell-Scott-Jones lexicon, formatted by Tyndale House Cambridge for biblical study.
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